Abstract. The task of controlling multi-channel objects, that is, objects with many inputs and many outputs, MIMO, can be the most effectively solved by a multi-channel controller that has the same number of inputs and outputs as the controlled object has. We consider only multichannel controllers that have the same number of inputs and outputs. Traditionally, in the matrix of such a controller, each element is a scalar PID controller, that is, a controller containing proportional, integrating and derivative channels. In this case, an n × n object requires n 2 scalar PID controllers, each with three channels. The calculation of such a controller requires the calculation of 3n 2 parameters.

Қазақ ым тілі (ҚЫТ) есту және сөйлеу қабілеті бұзылған адамдар үшін негізгі қарым-қатынас құралы болып табылады. Бұл зерттеу ҚЫТ-нің синтаксистік құрылымын талдауға және қазақ тілінің ауызекі тілі ерекшеліктерінен айырмашылықтарын анықтауға бағытталған. Сонымен қатар, қазақ тіліндегі мәтіндерді ҚЫТ глоссқа айналдыру үшін арнайы лингвистикалық талдаушы жасалды, бұл параллель корпус құруға мүмкіндік берді. ҚЫТ-нің зерттелуі тек ғылыми маңыздылыққа ғана емес, сонымен қатар инклюзивті қоғам құруға қажетті құралдар жасауға ықпал етеді. Зерттеуде параллель корпусты қолдана отырып, Transformer моделі негізінде машиналық аударма жүйесі оқытылды. Нәтижесінде аударманың жоғары дәлдігіне қол жеткізілді, бұл коммуникация қолжетімділігін арттырудың әлеуетін көрсетті. Бұл тәсіл қазақ ым тілін автоматтандырылған түрде өңдеуде маңызды қадам болып табылады. Мұндай технологиялар ерекше қажеттіліктері бар адамдардың білім алу және әлеуметтік интеграция үдерістерін жақсартуға бағытталған. ҚЫТ синтаксисін талдау үшін Python 3.10, Stanza, PyTorch, NumPy және Pandas кітапханалары қолданылды. 500-ден астам сөйлемдер зерттеліп, сөз тәртібінің икемділігі мен визуалды-кеңістіктік құрылымының ерекшеліктері анықталды. 500-ден астам сөйлемдер бойынша талдау жүргізіліп, негізгі назар қайтымды, қайтымсыз, мекенді, жанды, жансыз, күрделі және күрделі емес сөйлемдер бойынша жүргізілген талдау қазақ ым тілінің грамматикалық құрылымын сипаттауға мүмкіндік берді. Зерттеудің нәтижелері тілдің синтаксистік заңдылықтарын анықтауға ғана емес, сонымен қатар жаңа аударма модельдерін әзірлеуге де негіз болады. Зерттеу барысында аннотацияланған деректердің шектеулі болуы сияқты негізгі қиындықтар анықталды. Болашақта бейне деректерді біріктіру және бағалау көрсеткіштерін кеңейту бағытында жұмыс істеу жоспарлануда. Ұсынылған әдістер инклюзивті ақпараттық технологияларды дамытуға және ерекше қажеттіліктері бар адамдармен қарым-қатынасты жақсартуға негіз болады. Бұл жұмыс технологиялардың инклюзивті әлеуетін кеңейтуде және жаңа ғылыми зерттеулерге жол ашуда маңызды рөл атқарады

Производство электрической энергии в Казахстане осуществляют 158 электрических станций различной формы собственности. Единым системным оператором всей энергосистемы с 1996 года определено АО «Казахстанская компания по управлению электрическими сетями» (Kazakhstan Electricity Grid Operating Company) «KEGOC». В электроэнергетике и энергетических системах (EPESs) происходит трансформация для обеспечения чистой распределенной энергии для устойчивого глобального экономического роста. Интернет вещей (IoT) находится на переднем крае этой трансформации, предоставляя такие возможности, как мониторинг в реальном времени, ситуационная осведомленность и разведка, контроль и кибербезопасность, для преобразования существующих EPES в интеллектуальные EPES с поддержкой кибербезопасности, которые являются более эффективными, безопасными, надежными, устойчивыми и устойчивыми. Кроме того, оцифровка экосистемы электроэнергетики с использованием интернета вещей улучшает видимость активов, оптимальное управление распределенной генерацией, устранение потерь энергии и создание экономии. Интернет вещей оказывает значительное влияние на EPESs и предлагает несколько возможностей для роста и развития. Существует несколько проблем, связанных с развертыванием интернета вещей для EPESs. Необходимо разработать жизнеспособные решения для преодоления этих проблем, чтобы обеспечить непрерывный рост интернета вещей для EPESs. Достижения в области вычислительного интеллекта могут привести к созданию интеллектуальной системы интернета вещей путем эмуляции биологических нервных систем с помощью когнитивных вычислений, потоковой передачи и распределенной аналитики, в том числе на пограничном уровне и на уровне устройств. В этом обзорном документе дается оценка роли, воздействия и проблем Интернета вещей в преобразовании электроэнергетики и энергетических систем.

The problem dealt with in this article is the methodology of the key performance indicators (KPI) evaluation of shunting locomotives operation when performing hauling and shunting work. The main parameters affecting the efficiency of rolling stock operation are described, including performance, fuel efficiency and locomotive utilization rate. The algorithm of KPI calculation is proposed, based on the analysis of operational data and statistical methods is proposed. According to the analysis of the trend in cargo transportation over the past 3 years, the need to develop a methodology for evaluating the key performance indicators of shunting work is justified. A comparative analysis of various approaches to assessing the operational performance of locomotives is carried out, their advantages and disadvantages are revealed. Practical recommendations for improving the operational performance of rolling stock are described.

Modern energy is at the crossroads of cutting-edge technologies that are revolutionizing the way power systems are controlled, managed and optimized. Leading the way in this process are IoT (Internet of Things), FPGAs (programmable gate arrays), and microcontrollers, including powerful devices such as ESP32. These technologies not only significantly improve the efficiency and reliability of energy systems, but also open up new prospects for creating sustainable and intelligent energy infrastructures. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, energy systems are actively monitored and optimized in order to ensure stable development and meet the growing energy needs of society. The use of IoT technologies allows you to quickly collect data on the operation of energy networks, analyze electricity consumption and predict changes based on information from sensors installed in various network nodes. The use of an FPGA provides high-speed processing of large amounts of data, which is necessary for real-time monitoring and control in conditions of rapidly changing load and dynamic energy processes.

The city of Turkestan, Kazakhstan is experiencing growth leading to an increased need for electricity. In order to meet this demand the city is upgrading its infrastructure specifically focusing on improving its 35/10 kV substations. Engineers are utilizing calculation software like RastrWin3 to design and analyze these substations. This software offers capabilities, for modeling substations. Using RastrWin3 the ability to import data from sources like drawings AutoCad, GIS maps and other relevant resources. This imported data serves as the foundation for constructing the substation model. Engineers can easily incorporate components such as transformers, feeders, circuit breakers and busbars into the model. Each element of the model can be assigned parameters like voltage, current, resistance and power to represent real world conditions. Additionally, load profiles can be generated for analysis purposes to capture fluctuations, in energy demands throughout the day and year. Numerical calculation software plays a role, in the design and analysis of substations. It provides engineers with a toolset to achieve the following objectives: 1. Construct models of substations. 2. Simulate the behavior of substations under operational conditions. 3. Resolve issues that may arise in electrical substations. 4. Enhance the design and optimization of substations. One notable software in this domain is RastrWin3 which offers capabilities for calculations and simulations related to electric substations. Engineers can utilize this program to evaluate power systems, in emergency and transient modes. Accounting for various factors such as non-linearity, power and reactive power losses, as well, as the influence of capacitive coupling. Various types of loads such, as consumer loads, substation auxiliary loads and loads from protection and automation devices are considered in the modeling process. The software RastrWin3 is utilized to design and analyze 35/10 kV substations, in Turkestan. This software assists in enhancing the precision of substation design reducing the time needed for designing and developing substations improving substation efficiency and lowering maintenance costs.

The current study provides a new leaching method for extracting valuable metals, such as uranium, vanadium, molybdenum, and rare earth metals (REMs), from black shale ores. Initial characterization indicated that these metals are encapsulated in hard “carbon-silica shells,” presenting severe extraction challenges. A novel low-temperature sintering process is considered in this work with ammonium hydrosulfate at 350 °C for 60 minutes, much lower than the conventional process of over 800 °C. The devised treatment effectively ruptures the protective shell, converting metal constituents into soluble forms. Subsequent leaching yielded good recovery rates: uranium (93.3%), vanadium (81.7%), molybdenum (82.2%), and REMs (78.3%). Thermogravimetric analysis revealed the stepwise decomposition mechanism and emission profiles upon sintering. The leaching parameters (solid-liquid ratio, temperature, time, and solution concentration) were optimized for maximum metal recovery, along with selective sorption conditions (pH, redox potential, and duration) and desorption variables. Additionally, the cost-effective production routes for vanadium concentrate were specified as ammonium metavanadate, molybdenum concentrate as calcium molybdate and REM concentrate as carbonates, instead of depending on high-pressure or high-temperature processes. Solid residue carbon flotation enrichment was accompanied by a recovery yield of 89.0% by weight of carbon, enabling enhanced utilization of the entire resource. Altogether, the adopted approaches offer a closed-loop, energy-saving pathway to the efficient recovery of the rare and essential metals from the black shale ore

In Kazakhstan, more than 70 engineering anti-sedimentation protective structures are operated, most of which were put into operation in the period 1974–1985. During the same time, more than 30 mudflows were registered in the basins of mudflows, many of which were accompanied by the removal of a large amount of solid material to the protective structures, and the issues of cleaning mudflows by excavators are annual planned work of the operational divisions of Kazselezashchita. The main type of engineering protection is the construction of capital dams with village storages capable of accommodating from 100 thousand m3 to 15 million m3 of mudflow. The types of structures are different: dams of settling tanks and sections of stabilized channels within cities and settlements, for safe passage of post-mudflows and nanowater flows. In connection with their long-term operation, the issue of frequency, methods and means of mechanization of cleaning of silos, settling tanks, selesbass paths, and the amount of annual costs for work becomes more and more urgent. However, the issues of operating dams in the conditions of annual nanowater floods, the development of modern technologies and means of mechanization of cleaning silos from coarse clastic soils are very relevant. The value of the work consists in the development of the design and manufacture of a prototype, methods for calculating and selecting the parameters of the bucket of an excavator with a hydraulically controlled jaw for excavation during the development of large-fragment inclusions of mudslides.