Estimated 45% of all mining equipment worldwide is mining haul trucks. More than 44 thousand mining haul trucks are in operation worldwide as per 2017 Mine Safety and Health Administration of USA reports and over 20% of acci-dents with fatalities on mining equipment happens with participation of mining haul trucks. Mining haul trucks are critical equipment for mining industry of Kazakhstan where 80% of mines are operated by open cast mining. To better understand haul trucks operation failures statistical method was used during this study. 8 training instructors were interviews who trained 1048 truck operators over 3 years at 5 mine sites. The analyses explore the context of the accidents with focus on initiating reasons, outcomes of accidents and possible preventive and mitigative controls. Overall, most accidents take place due to haul road condition, read design and operation decision making. Bow-tie diagram as a constructive risk management tool used in this study for visual presentation of links between hazards, initiating controls, preventive and mitigative controls, and outcomes. The results of the study suggest improving organizational control over operator trainings and mine haul road design and maintenance.

The inhibitory properties of various phosphate inhibitors were studied on low-carbon steel (St3) in 3% sodium chloride solution. Standard gravimetric method and electrochemical measurements were used. It has been shown that adding calcium manganese phosphate to a 3% NaCl solution in concentrations of 5-100 mgP2O5/l reduces the corrosion rate of St3. The inhibitor efficiency at 100 mgP2O5/l is 91.8%. Adding sodium polyphosphate at concentrations of 1-20 mgP2O5/L to the chloride solution increases the corrosion rate of St3. The inhibitor efficiency of NaPO3at 100 mgP2O5/l is 24.4%. The results of electrochemical tests obtained by taking and calculating polarization curves confirm the data of gravimetric measurements. Using electron microscopy, it has been shown that uneven loose deposits with low protective properties are formed on the steel surface in a 3% sodium chloride solution both without additives and with sodium polyphosphate additives. When sodium chlo-ride (Ca, Mn)(PO3)2is added to the solution, ordered fine-grained deposits with high protective properties are formed on the steel. IR spectroscopic analysis of deposits formed on the surface of St3 in 3% NaCl solution with addition of various phos-phates was performed. It has been found that uniform coatings containing insoluble calcium hydrophosphates are formed in the presence of (Ca, Mn)(PO3)2.

In recent years, much attention has been paid to research in the field of increasing resistance to external influ-ences, including the corrosion resistance of steels and alloys exposed to aggressive environments or high temperatures. Interest in this area is due to the need to increase the service life of steel products, which will reduce the cost of most technological processes. The most promising methods for improving the strength characteristics, as well as resistance to corrosion degrada-tion, are the application of various protective coatings to steel, among the variety of which one can single out nitride coatings that are highly resistant to corrosion and degradation caused by exposure to aggressive media. Also, one of the ways to in-crease resistance to external influences is the methods of changing the dislocation density in the near-surface layer, which make it possible to create a barrier layerfor the penetration of oxygen and moisture through the protective coating. Based on the proposed corrosion protection methods, this paper considers the possibilities of combining the methods of applying nitride coatings and subsequent ionic modification in order to create a barrier protective layer against corrosion of 316L stainless steel. During the studies conducted, it was found that the magnetron deposition of a nitride coating (TiN) on the surface of stainless-steelleads to a hardness growth by 10-13 %, and the subsequent ion modification, performed by the action of low-energy N2+ions on the nitride coating with different irradiation fluence, leads to an increase in strength by 50-70 % compared to the initial value. As a result of corrosion tests tomaintain the stability of strength properties, it was found that the most effective influ-ence of ion irradiation is a fluence of 5×1013-1014ion/cm2, leading not only to maximum hardening, but also to an increase in the corrosion potential, the alterationof which indicates a decrease in the degradation rate.

Substandard ores and technogenic wastes can be considered asan additional source of raw materials due to the limited resources of mineral raw materials with a high content of manganese. The article presents an overview of studies in-tended to process low-quality manganese-containing raw materials by beneficiation of them with the production of manganese concentrates, agglomeration of manganese fines with the formation of pellets, and smelting of agglomerates into ferromanga-nese alloys. The main raw material sources of manganese are characterized. Manganese ores are divided into three main types -oxide, siliceous and carbonate ones. The method to beneficiate the raw material is chosen depending on the raw material type.The application areas of manganese alloys are described -they are used in the form of ferromanganese and ferrosilicomanga-nese to produce steel and cast iron in ferrous metallurgy; as an alloying metal in bronze, brass, most aluminum and magnesiumalloys in non-ferrous metallurgy. The beneficiation processes for low-quality manganese-containing raw materials -sub-standard ores and technogenic wastes are considered. A promising direction in the beneficiation of ferromanganese ores is magnetic separation. The extraction of manganese from technogenic sources -ore fines, sludge tailings of processing plants is of great ecological and practical importance. Methods for agglomeration of manganese fines withthe production of pellets, briquettes, the influence of the content of acidic and basic oxides, the composition of binder materials on the properties of pellets are described. Data on the influence of various factors on the manganese ferroalloy smelting process, the reduction ofmanganese ore pellets, and the phase transformations occurring during the process are specified.

The article presents the results of a study of the thermodynamic-diagram analysis of the Cr-Si-Al-C multicompo-nent system, where, on the basis of thermodynamic data, the boundary ternary systems of the basic four-component Cr-Si-Al-C system are constructed. As a result, the components of the condensed phases of a multicomponent system were determined. De-scriptions are given for each of the defined phases, with the help of which it is possible to create an accurate model of the general system of compositions of chromium-containing melts with the calculation of their normative phase compositions.Triangles of the Cr-Si-Al-C system have been established, modulating the compositions of the resulting compositions of metal products during the smelting of the aluminosilicochrome alloy using high-ash coals. As a result of modeling, the main components of the phase of three-component systems Al-Cr-C, Cr-Si-C, were revealed. Volumes and color integrals indicating condensed and gaseous phases are determined. The technology of obtaining silicon-aluminum alloys is based on the reduction of oxides from the ash of high-ash coal with its own carbon in ore-thermalfurnaces.

Groundwater is an important source of water supply in the regions of Northern Kazakhstan. The formation and management of exploitable groundwater reserves in a given region are closely related to hydrological conditions. This article analyzes the influence of climatic factors, hydrogeological features and human activity on the formation of opera-tional groundwater reserves in Northern Kazakhstan. The study is based on an analysis of the results of prospecting and assessment work and data from the pilot operation of the Alekseevskoye groundwater deposit in the Akmola region of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

The article considers the geological structure of Kogodai copper massive sulfide deposit in the Kurchum block, which is an integral part of the Irtysh shear zone. It is shown that the geological structure of the site involves feldspar quartz-mica and amphibole-feldspar-mica crystalline schists, gneisses with frequent horizons of amphibolites. Mineralized zones confined to the contact of amphibolite bodies with gneisses on terrigenous rocks are noted,granitoids in different phases of intrusion including dikes and various granite and quartz porphyries are also considered. The spatial contiguity of geologicalstructures of different ages and compositions subject to intense metamorphic transformations isemphasized. This article pre-sents the features of the copper massive sulfide deposit, the composition of the ores and the connection with the geological and structural-tectonic factors that contributed to its formation.

The article analyses methods of dross processing with obtaining marketable products. In recent years, along with pyrometallurgical methods, hydrometallurgical methods are beginning to develop. The authors present a new waste-free tech-nology for processing zinc-plating waste aimed at obtaining marketable products.In the work the technological scheme of new, combined, waste-free technology of processing of zinc smelting waste with obtaining of marketable products is con-structed. Technological calculations on dross processing for specific productivity of 100 tonnes per day are made, recommen-dations on design of the enlarged installation and on operation of the technology are given. Technological calculations were carried out using a specially developed program that considers the optimum parameters and modes of technology. This allows the authors to obtain accurate data and estimates of the dross processing process and optimize the operation of the plant.The use of the developed technology of complex dross processing will allow to stimulate the development of zinc production in therepublic due to involvement of dross in processing as an additional source of raw materials. Utilization of dross with obtaining of marketable products with high added value will allow to release considerable areas of land occupied by it.Overall, the paper emphasises the potential of the new technology to address the problems of dross processing, stimulate the growth of the zinc industry and reduce the environmental impact of dross accumulation.

The paper deals with analysis and findings of investigation of technogenic plumbum-zinc slag residuals that in-volve a great deal of poisonous compounds such as cadmium, osmium, plumbum, zinc, hazardous origins of environmental contamination. In connection with the outdoor storing of slags, an excess of the plumbumcritical concentration was derived. Technogenic slag residuals’ reclamation is crucial for minimizing the detrimental effect on health and safety, improving the region’s ecological setting. At that, slags are high-value crude materials involving rare-earth and non-ferrous metal compunds.The paper demonstrates the findings of laboratory tests of slags to specify the quantitative and qualitative composition of high-value components in the plumbum residuals, the ability of their subsequent treatment and reclamation. The heavy slag fraction material was investigated on JEOL IXA-8230 Electron Probe microanalyzer. The running slag sample’s X-ray diffraction analysis was carried out on DRON-4 diffractometer with graphite monochromator, Cu radiation. Heavy fractions were separat-ed from the samples, artifactural polished microsections (briquets) were made. The polished microsections were investigated in index-matching fluids and under LEICA DM 2500P microscope. The findings identified that plumbum slags involve a consid-erable body of non-ferrous metal compounds, which allow to make the reclamation of poisonous plumbum residuals functional and cost-effective.

Currently, the problem of sustainable increase in the production of gallium metal to ensure its use in high-tech areas -power semiconductor electronics, energy-saving LEDs, etc. is very urgent.In world practice, electrolysis on a mercury cathode or cementation with sodium amalgam was used to extract gallium from alkaline solutions. However, this technology is not currently used due to the high toxicity of mercury. Cementation and electrocarburization on aluminum galley are widely used for purified solutions.A promising method for obtaining gallium metal from alkaline solutions is electrolysis on a solid rotating gallium cathode, the surface of which is constantly renewed with liquid gallium. To increase the efficiency of electrol-ysis, studies of the process of gallium electroreduction with the application of non-stationary (pulsating and reversing) currents were carried out.The use of non-stationary currents makes it possible to increase gallium extraction by 8.4-10.4% and reduce electricity consumption by 62-68 kWh/kg Ga.The positive effect of the use of non-stationary currents can be explained by the fact that periodic switching off the current orreversing the electrodes in the found optimal modes leads to a periodic change in the surface tension of the gallium cathode, as a result of which the gallium surface and the adjacаent electrolyte layer pulsate, the thickness of the diffusion layer decreases and conditions for the separation of adsorbed gas bubbles are improved. This accelerates the diffusion of gallate ions from the bulk of the solution into the near-cathode layer. The use of non-stationary currents makes it possible to dissolve the gallium oxide film on the cathode surface, i.e. depassurate the electrode surface.