Metal pollution from metallurgical emissions poses serious environmental and public health risks in Kazakhstan. A replicated pot-culture experiment (n = 4) in a completely randomized design under controlled phytotron conditions evaluated biomass production and metal accumulation in six crop and forage species, alfalfa (Medicago sativa), amaranth (Amaranthus spp.), corn (Zea mays), mustard (Brassica juncea), rapeseed (Brassica napus), and sunflower (Helianthus annuus); three ornamental species, purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea), marigold (Tagetes spp., ‘Tiger Eyes’), and sweet alyssum (Lobularia maritima); and three native wild plants, greater burdock (Arctium lappa), horse sorrel (Rumex confertus), and mug wort (Artemisia vulgaris). Plants were grown in soils collected from the Qarmet industrial zone in Temirtau, central Kazakhstan. Initial soil analysis revealed substantial mixed-metal contamination, ranked as Mn > Ba > Zn > Sr > Cr > Pb > Cu > Ni > B > Co. Mn reached 1059 mg·kg−1, ~50-fold higher than B (22.7 mg·kg−1). Ba (620 mg·kg−1) exceeded FAO/WHO limits sixfold, Zn (204 mg·kg−1) surpassed the lower threshold, and Pb (41.6 mg·kg−1) approached permissible levels, while Cr, Cu, Ni, Co, and Sr were lower. Biomass production varied markedly among species: corn and sunflower produced the highest shoot biomass (126.8 and 60.9 g·plant−1), whereas horse sorrel had the greatest root biomass (54.4 g·plant−1). Root-to-shoot ratios indicated shoot-oriented growth (>1–8) in most species, except horse sorrel and burdock (<1). Metal accumulation was strongly species-specific. Corn and marigold accumulated Co, Pb, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, B, and Ba but showed limited translocation (transfer function, TF < 0.5), whereas sunflower, amaranth, and mug wort exhibited moderate to high translocation (TF > 0.8 to <1) for selected metals. Corn is recommended for high-biomass metal removal, marigold for stabilization, sunflower, horse sorrel, and mug wort for multi-metal extraction, and amaranth and coneflower for targeted Co, Ni, and Cu translocation, supporting sustainable remediation of industrially contaminated soils.

This study evaluates the safety and performance of reinforced concrete culverts manufactured using advanced German (MBK) and Danish (PEDERSHAAB) technology. A 1.0 m diameter culvert with a flat base was subjected to static tests to evaluate crack resistance and strength. The culvert was made of concrete of class B33.5 with a compressive strength of 43.2 MPa, reinforced with steel bars of A400 class. No cracks were observed at the crack resistance test load of 143 kN, but the first crack appeared at a load of 268.8 kN with a width of 0.05 mm, well below the allowable limit of 0.2 mm. The strength tests showed that the culvert withstood a load of 332.1 kN, exceeding the design load of 294.6 kN without reaching the limit state. These results confirm that the culvert complies with safety standards (SP RK 3.03-112-2013 and GOST 8829-94) and is suitable for installation under embankments up to 7.0 m high. Finite element modeling (FEM) in MIDAS FEA NX 2023 confirmed the experimental data. A 1.5 m diameter culvert compared to a 1.0 m diameter culvert has a higher energy intensity after cracking, which is due to a complex of factors.

This study presents a field-based assessment of the operational safety of a reinforced concrete overpass in Astana, Kazakhstan, using combined static and dynamic load testing. The structure is a three-span overpass with 41.0 m reinforced concrete main spans formed by prefabricated UBS 187.14 blocks with variable cross-sections. Static tests were conducted using six ballast-loaded trucks with an average weight of 21.0 t, while dynamic tests were performed under moving vehicle loads at speeds ranging from 3.5 to 70 km/h. The measured maximum static deflection at midspan was 23.5 mm, which is substantially lower than the regulatory limit of 102.5 mm for the 41 m span. Dynamic measurements showed stable structural behavior, with principal frequencies of 3.37–3.39 Hz in the main vibration modes and damping ratios of 3.5%–3.8%, exceeding the minimum reference value of 1.5% for reinforced concrete structures. The recorded vibration periods were outside the code-defined critical ranges, indicating no resonance-related operational concern.

Гидрогеологиялыќ жұмыс режимінің сүзгінің бітелу сипатына және жайылымдарды суаруѓа арналѓан ұңғымалардың сүзгіге жақын аймағына әсері және уақыт бойынша сүзгіге жақын аймаќтың қалыңдығындағы қысым жоғалту градиентінің өзгеру заңдылықтары зерттелді. Су ұңғымаларының дебитінің төмендеуі сүзгілердің жєне сүзгіге жақын аймақтардың бітелуінің әртүрлі түрлерімен байланысты және ыңғыымалардың жұмыс режиміне байланысты екені көрсетілген. Бітелу аймағының өлшемі 100 мм-ден аспайды, ал лай, саз және ќұм бөлшектері 1 мм-ден аз мөлшердегі бөлшектер бітелуге 296 N E W S of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan алып келеді. Құрылыстың белгілі бір тоқтаулары бар суару пункттеріндегі ыңғымаларды, сондай-ақ суару және тік дренаждық ыңғымаларды пайдаланудың маусымдылығымен сипатталатын Қазақстандағы құрғақ жайылымдарды тарату желісінің бар болуы жағдайында олардың жұмысы әсіресе сүзгі аймаѓында суару және тік дренаждыќ ыңғымаларды пайдаланудың маусымдылығымен сипатталады. Сүзгі мен сүзгіге жақын аймақтың бітелу сипатын аныќтау үшін суды алудың әртүрлі режимдерінде осы аймақтағы қысым жоғалту градиентінің өзгеру ерекшеліктері зерттелді. Қысым жоғалту градиентінің қарқынды қалпына келуі суды алудың тұрақсыз режимінде жүреді, ал біркелкі режимде өзгеріс сүзгіге жаќын аймаќтыњ бүкіл ќалыңдығы бойынша тұрақтанады. Суды алудың тұрақсыз режимінде 70 мм ќалыңдықтағы қиыршық тас төсенішінде және іргелес аймаќта қондырғы 20 күн жұмыс істегеннен кейін топыраќтың механикалық ќұрамы үлкен гетерогенділікке ие.

At the underground mines of Kazakhmys Corporation, where different types of highly productive self-propelled equipment with different types of pneumatic wheel drive are operated, there are significant downtime of technological equipment. As practice has shown, application of repair system with use of old methods and means, at operation of underground self propelled equipment appeared to be ineffective. One of the main reasons of low efficiency of self-propelled machines operation is the absence of the system of continuous monitoring of technical condition of each machine and its aggregates with application of methods and means of diagnostics. To avoid failure, it is necessary to establish the predicted and residual resource at a certain operating time of the machine according to the diagnostics data. This paper outlines the results of research on predicting the residual life of machine units used in the conditions of the mine corporation “Kazakhmys”.

. The study of the resistance of the bulldozer blade burial at a stationary machine is aimed at studying the force factors acting on the working tool during its penetration into the ground. When the machine is not moving, the blade deepening causes an increase in passive resistance from the ground, which acts on the front and rear edges of the blade. This resistance increases with the depth of burial, which requires an increase in force for further advancement of the working body into the ground. An important feature is that in the initial stages of blade insertion, the resistance at the front face increases significantly, increasing the forces. At the rear edge, the re-sistance also increases as the blade deepens. Cutting angles have a significant effect on resistance changes: at higher cutting angles, the resistance decreases, reducing the load on the working mechanisms. The results of the study emphasize that for efficient knife deepening with the machine stationary, higher cutting angles should be used, which reduces passive resistance, improving productivity and reducing energy costs.

In Kazakhstan, more than 70 engineering anti-sedimentation protective structures are operated, most of which were put into operation in the period 1974–1985. During the same time, more than 30 mudflows were registered in the basins of mudflows, many of which were accompanied by the removal of a large amount of solid material to the protective structures, and the issues of cleaning mudflows by excavators are annual planned work of the operational divisions of Kazselezashchita. The main type of engineering protection is the construction of capital dams with village storages capable of accommodating from 100 thousand m3 to 15 million m3 of mudflow. The types of structures are different: dams of settling tanks and sections of stabilized channels within cities and settlements, for safe passage of post-mudflows and nanowater flows. In connection with their long-term operation, the issue of frequency, methods and means of mechanization of cleaning of silos, settling tanks, selesbass paths, and the amount of annual costs for work becomes more and more urgent. However, the issues of operating dams in the conditions of annual nanowater floods, the development of modern technologies and means of mechanization of cleaning silos from coarse clastic soils are very relevant. The value of the work consists in the development of the design and manufacture of a prototype, methods for calculating and selecting the parameters of the bucket of an excavator with a hydraulically controlled jaw for excavation during the development of large-fragment inclusions of mudslides.

The article presents a method of experimental research and created stand with metrological equip-ment that allows to simulate the complex process of milling asphalt concrete samples by force and coordinate closure. As a result of the research, regression equations describing the milling parame-ters of asphalt concrete samples, were obtained. It is established that during the transition from the power (elastic) closure of the technological system to the rigid (coordinate) one, milling errors de-crease by up to 15 % and their spread is up to 30 %. The developed method for restoring the road surface can be applied in practice not only within Kazakhstan, but outside the country, as well

Cam rollers can be used to break up cold asphalt pavements. In Kazakhstan, about 70 % of roads have such coatings. It is most effective to open at temperatures above 20 °C. To reduce the traction force and uniform movement of the roller, it is necessary to eliminate the resistance of the coating to the exit of the cams, when rolling the drum by pivoting the cams in the roller's direction. The reliability of the theoretical studies' results was confirmed by production tests of the cam rollers during the opening of the asphalt concrete pavement on the Gulshad-Akchatau highway

In recent years, research has been underway to create working bodies of excavation machines that allow digging soil at higher speeds. One of these new types of machines are excavation and transport machines with an inertial bottom discharge rotor. The paper presents the results of studies of high-speed digging and proposes a method for determining the average values of the energy intensity of soil transportation, and the proposed equations can be recommended for calculating the inertial rotor. The table of costs of specific energy consumption and productivity from the speed of rotation of the rotor at constant chip sizes is given. The analysis of studies showed that the energy intensity increases with an increase in the speed of rotation of the rotor, and the productivity grows according to a linear law. The inertial-type rotor during the test proved to be quite efficient, and the performance of the tested rotor is four times higher than that of the existing gravity-type rotor.