Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) play a key role in the process of contemporary environmental monitoring, enabling more frequent and detailed observations of various environmental parameters. With the rapid growth of scientific publications on this topic, it is important to identify the key trends and directions. This study uses the Top2Vec algorithm for topic modeling algorithm aimed at analyzing abstracts of more than 556 thousand scientific articles published on the arXiv platform from 2010 to 2023. The analysis was conducted in five key domains: air, water, and surface pollution monitoring; causes of pollution; and challenges in the use of UAVs. The research method included data collection and pre-processing, topic modeling, and quantitative analysis of publication activity using indicators of the rate (D1) and acceleration (D2) of change in the number of publications. The study allows concluding that the main challenge for the researchers is the task of processing data obtained in the course of monitoring. The second most important factor is the reduction in restrictions on the UAV flight duration. Among the causes of pollution, agricultural activities will be considered as a priority. Research in monitoring greenhouse gas emissions will be the most topical in air quality monitoring, while erosion and sedimentation—in the area of land surface control. Thermal pollution, microplastics, and chemical pollution are most relevant in the field of water quality control. On the other hand, the interest of the scientific community in topics related to soil pollution, particulate matter, sensor calibration, and volatile organic compounds is decreasing. © 2025 by the authors.

Packaging demand currently exceeds 144 Mt per year, of which >90% is conventional plastic, generating over 100 Mt of waste and 1.8 Gt CO2-eq emissions annually. In this review, we systematically survey three classes of lignocellulosic feedstocks, agricultural residues, fruit and vegetable by-products, and forestry wastes, with respect to their physicochemical composition (cellulose crystallinity, hemicellulose ratio, and lignin content) and key processing pathways. We then examine fabrication routes (solvent casting, extrusion, and compression molding) and quantify how compositional variables translate into film performance: tensile strength, elongation at break (4–10%), water vapor transmission rate, thermal stability, and biodegradation kinetics. Highlighted case studies include the reinforcement of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with 7 wt% oxidized nanocellulose, yielding a >90% increase in tensile strength and a 50% reduction in water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), as well as pilot-scale extrusion of rice straw/polylactic acid (PLA) blends. We also assess techno-economic metrics and life-cycle impacts. Finally, we identify four priority research directions: harmonizing pretreatment protocols to reduce batch variability, scaling up nanocellulose extraction and film casting, improving marine-environment biodegradation, and integrating circular economy supply chains through regional collaboration and policy frameworks. © 2025 by the authors.

The poor indoor air quality can be associated with the released volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from different sources. The extent of the concern may increase depending on the presence of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) and exposure to them in the indoor air. Adsorption with activated carbon, which is a very effective method, is preferred to eliminate highly volatile gaseous pollutants and reduce the extend of their negative impact. In this work, the removal efficiency of a novel activated carbons (MSRACs), prepared from stems of Corylus colurna (CCBW) by chemical processes using H2SO4, H3PO4, and HCl, was scrutinized towards BTEX pollutants. The adsorbents acquired from this lignin-based waste were investigated from porosity and surface chemistry aspects. The highest surface area of 1424 m2/g and micropore volume of 0.46 cm3/g were attained after activation of MSRAC11 adsorbent sample by H2SO4-70wt%. The performances of the fabricated adsorbent samples were evaluated and the order of MSRAC11>MSRAC24>MSRAC36 was obtained in the multiple concentrations of BTEX. This study introduces an easy method for producing efficient adsorbents from lignin-based waste for filtering indoor air and designing BTEX-capturing systems for various applications. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cause of malignant tumor death. The development of novel, more effective drugs is desperately needed to treat CRC. Zingiber officinale is believed to possess anticancer properties due to its flavonoids and phenols. Using Soxhlet (SOXT) and maceration (MACR) techniques, the present study aimed to evaluate the amounts of quercetin, gallic acid, rutin, naringin, and caffeic acid in ginger capsules of Z. officinale. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/ultraviolet was used for separation and quantitation. In vitro toxicity evaluation of ginger capsules on the CRC cell line HT-29 was also conducted to assess the anticancer activity of the supplement. The cell line HT-29 (HTB-38) colorectal adenocarcinoma was utilized for the antiproliferative effect of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide. Ginger herbal supplement extract at dosages of 200 and 100 μg had strong cytotoxic effects (IC50 < 50 μg/mL) on HT-29 CRC cells via MACR. This extract is comparable to the SOXT extract, which has an IC50 of less than 50 μg/mL. The anticancer effect of ginger herbal supplement formulations against CRC lines was investigated, and the results obtained from both the MACR and SOXT extraction procedures were noteworthy. The quercetin content was the highest of all the extracts according to the HPLC data. © 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

One of the most interesting and poorly studied carriers of medicinal substances is the polymer clay composite material (PCCM). Bentonite clays are used in pharmacy for the manufacturing of various dosage forms, as well as in the adsorption of drugs to slow their release. Polymer–clay nanocomposites have demonstrated significantly improved properties compared to pure polymers. A review of recent scientific advances has shown promising results regarding the application of polymer–clay materials in medicine and bioengineering, particularly in the development of carrier sorbents with prolonged action for controlled drug release. As a result, interest in polymer–clay systems is steadily growing and gaining momentum. This paper focuses on the structure and properties of bentonite clays, including their sorption, ion exchange, binding, and rheological properties. The methods for preparing intercalated and exfoliated nanocomposites, such as radical intercalative polymerization in situ on clay surfaces, are reviewed. Furthermore, the improved efficacy and exposure times of PCCMs, combined with their enhanced bactericidal properties, are analyzed for the creation of universal and multifunctional preparations for medical use. © 2025 by the authors.

With concerns about water scarcity in arid regions, innovative solutions are imperative to meet the increasing water demand for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes. This article presents a study on the preparation of superhydrophobic sand for water-saving and storage, with a focus on potential applications in EOR. The results of the research indicate that the maximum water contact angle after sand hydrophobization was 158°. The water storage capacity of the sand was assessed by growing plants in soil layered with superhydrophobic sand. When superhydrophobic sand was used both above and below the soil, the soil remained moist for more than 10 days. In contrast, without the use of superhydrophobic sand, soil moisture lasted for only 3 days. This research demonstrates the potential of superhydrophobic sand in prolonging soil moisture, making it a valuable asset for water-saving applications in EOR and arid regions.

Sodium silicate is used in various industries. Sodium silicate is a basic component in the production of silicate adhesives and paints, silica gel, welding electrodes, corrugated packaging, and geopolymer concretes and cements. All this is currently not produced in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The article discusses the methods of production of sodium silicate and substantiates the possibility of organizing production in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The authors have studied all the available experience in the production of sodium silicate, both now and in the past. At this stage of the research, an analysis was made of the experience in the production of serial and pilot sodium silicate in the USSR in the past and in countries where development has not been suspended at the present time. All possible sources of raw materials of technogenic and natural origin were studied. Business trips and expeditions to natural deposits were carried out and samples of raw materials from various natural and man-made sources were delivered. Studies have been carried out to determine the available volumes of raw materials. Various technologies for melting sodium silicate have been studied, incl. by unconventional schemes, such as smelting in cyclone furnaces. For melting in electric furnaces, various schemes of energy-saving methods for melting sodium silicate were analyzed. Promising ones have been identified. The following types of sodium silicate production were analyzed in the study: traditional smelting (carbonate method), wet method, sodium chloride sublimation method, sulfate method, cullet smelting. The optimal variant has been chosen, which makes it possible to reduce the cost of electricity by several times when introducing a highly efficient innovative technology of electric melting into practice.

Heavy oil with a high pour point and high viscosity is transported in a heated oil pipeline with many oil pumping and heating stations. Electricity and fuel costs account for a large share of total pumping cost. Minimizing the total operating cost of pumps and heating furnaces used to pump oil requires optimization of their hydrodynamic parameters, and, above all, the distribution of pressure and temperature along the pipeline. The application of graph theory and dynamic programming to determine the problem of the global optimum of energy consumption is given in a heated oil pipeline with many oil pumping and heating stations. The problem of mass and heat transport was solved numerically. The results of the optimization problem were applied to a digital section of a heated trunk interstate oil pipeline 450 km long. The results of thermohydraulic calculations were consistent with the actual data of the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system. Energy saving is 38.9 % in the optimal regime.

The investigation of hydrogen storage properties of hydride perovskites have been emerged as great research domain in recent times. The current study focuses on the first principles exploration of lithium based hydrides, LiXH 3(X=Al, Ga, In), for hydrogen storage and other physical properties. The structural properties of these hydrides show that the lattice constants of LiAlH 3, LiGaH 3 and LiInH 3 are 3.68, 3.74, and 4.09 Å. respectively. The gravimetric hydrogen storage capacity (C wt%) of LiAlH 3, LiGaH 3 and LiInH 3 is 7.57, 3.66 and 2.37%, respectively. The negative formation energy for these compounds show the stability of these hydrides. The electronic band structures and density of states of under study hydride perovskites validate their metallic nature. The complex dielectric constant, reflectivity and absorption coefficient are investigated to reveal optical response of LiXH 3(X=Al, Ga, In). The significant thermodynamic parameters like Debye temperature, specific heat capacities, entropy and thermal expansion coefficient under the effect of temperature and pressure are elaborated to determine the thermodynamic stability. For better understanding of thermoelectric characteristics of these compounds, thermoelectric parameters under wide range of temperature are also studied. The excellent gravimetric hydrogen storage capacity and volumetric hydrogen storage density of these hydride perovskites make them promising materials for hydrogen storage applications.

The mausoleum-khanaka of Khoja Akhmed Yasawi in Turkestan has been actively investigated for almost 200 years. In parallel, repair and restoration work is actively underway. However, the now widespread version of the centuries-old sequence of construction of the complex is questionable. A comparative analysis of archaeological research conducted in the 1930s and 1950s, modern architectural planning, and compositional studies by authors of this article allowed us to confirm previously unemphasized assumptions and draw innovative conclusions: At the end of the fourteenth century, not a new building was being built, but several buildings of different times from the twelfth, thirteenth and fourteenth centuries were combined into one building by covering the courtyard with a dome and building a portal with corner towers; The exterior cladding combined the facades of individual pre-existing blocks; The Main Dome has not been completed, as it should be double, not single; The Portal and corner towers continued to be built in several stages throughout the sixteenth century;—the portal and the main dome must be completed in accordance with the design plan of the late fourteenth century to prevent the ongoing destruction of the monument. The early completion of the centuries-old construction of the Mausoleum-khanaka will be of great cultural and historical importance. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.