This article explores the efficiency of using ozone and electrical discharge methods to remove heavy metals from groundwater. Industrial and agricultural waste contaminates groundwater, leading to high concentrations of heavy metals like Cu, Fe+2, and Fe+3, which pose significant threats to human health and the environment. The objective of this work is to clean contaminated groundwater using an environmentally friendly method that does not require additional chemical reagents. During the study, as the ozone concentration increased from 100 to 500 g/hour and the pH level rose to 7.5, the concentration of Cu ions decreased from 1.20 g/hour to 0.57 g/hour, and Fe+2 reduced from 5.00 g/hour to 0.92 g/hour. The purification efficiency increased with Cu from 75% to 99%, Fe+2 from 35% to 98%, and Fe+3 was entirely removed (100%). Groundwater in Kopa village of the Ayagoz district is characterized by excessive levels of copper ions, and this method demonstrated high effectiveness in addressing the ecological issue. During the purification process, a high sediment yield was observed, significantly improving water quality. The study concludes that ozone and electrical discharge are effective, positioning this method as a promising technology for improving groundwater quality in Kazakhstan and other regions. © 2025, Zibeline International Publishing Sdn. Bhd.. All rights reserved.

This study presents the level of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) pollution in the transboundary Ile River in 2015, 2018, 2019, 2023, and 2024. PCB contamination of water, as well as the presence of a large number of individual congeners, including strictly controlled ‘marker’ and dioxin-like congeners, were detected along the entire length of the river within Kazakhstan. Water samples were analyzed using a Chromos GH-1000 gas chromatograph. Significant interannual variability of river water contamination and a noticeable decrease in 2023 and 2024 compared to the previous periods have been identified. The study examined the PCB concentration transformation in the Ile River, from the transboundary section to the river’s confluence with Lake Balkhash, assessing not only fluctuations in total PCB concentration, but also their congener composition. The main natural and anthropogenic PCB sources and factors causing the transformation of the toxicant along the river course were identified. The total amount of transboundary PCB discharge both into Kazakhstan and into Lake Balkhash was calculated. The results can be used by state and local environmental protection agencies for the development of measures to protect rivers from pollution by these highly toxic pollutants, which is in line with the requirements of the Stockholm Convention on POPs. © 2025 by the authors.

Purpose. The research aims to develop a technology for tailings solution purification using membrane nanofiltration to reduce waste volume and enterprise costs by reusing the purified water. Methods. The research uses polyamide nanofiltration membranes on a semi-industrial plant. The nanofiltration process is conducted at a pressure of 3.5 MPa with 30% permeate yield. The chemical composition of the solutions is analyzed using atomic-absorption and chemical methods. Findings. Removal of 69% arsenic, 68.5% zinc and 95.7% iron has been achieved under optimal conditions. The purified solution with a residual sulphuric acid concentration of ~3.5 g/l can be used again for leaching lead dust. The concentrated metal solution allows for additional zinc extraction. The use of technology reduces waste volumes by more than 30% and reduces the enterprise’s recycling costs. Originality. The research proposes a new environmentally friendly nanofiltration technology for tailings solution purification that can effectively remove heavy metals and extract valuable components. This approach uniquely integrates membrane nanofiltration at an optimized pressure of 3.5 MPa, achieving high removal rates of heavy metal ions such as As3+, AsO43-, Zn2+, Fe2+, and Fe3+, while reducing waste by 30% and enabling the reuse of sulfuric acid and water in the leaching process, leading to significant cost and resource savings. Practical implications. Implementation of the proposed technology at lead dust processing enterprises reduces the costs of wastewater treatment, reduces the waste volume and allows for the reuse of water and acids in the production process. © 2024. B. Altaibayev et al.

Energy waste is a critical issue, driving up utility costs and harming the environment. Traditional energy monitoring systems are passive, lacking real-time optimization, which leads to unattended energy consumption and inefficiency. This article introduces IoT-based energy meters (IoTEM) to provide a real-time approach to energy management, offering actionable insights and enabling immediate adjustments. By monitoring energy usage at the appliance level, these smart meters help users identify inefficiencies, reduce costs, and improve energy efficiency. Despite their benefits, IoT energy meters face challenges, such as data privacy concerns and the complexity of managing large-scale systems. This paper examines IoT energy metering systems, addressing their potential to improve energy management performance, modernizing outdated infrastructure, and reducing environmental impacts. © 2025 IEEE.

The problem of long-term construction exists in many countries. There are numerous examples of multi-stage construction over several centuries. Very often, ongoing construction does not go according to the original project. But there are also examples of preserving the original idea. Such examples are most typical when restoring destroyed buildings. However, in some cases, the construction of a building has not been completed. One of these is the mausoleum-khanaka of Akhmed Yassawi in Turkestan city. The active phase of the construction of this building ended at the beginning of the 15th century. Partial completion was made at the end of the 16th century. Since then, the building has been in an unfinished state. This stimulates its gradual destruction, despite the complex of repair and restoration works. This problem requires an urgent solution, as the building is in a state of disrepair. In this context, the proposed project of completing the construction of the mausoleum-khanaka in accordance with the original design plan is of interest. The use of lightweight structures based on a steel frame, which is based on independent reinforced concrete foundations, reduces the load on the existing part of the building. This building has great historical and cultural significance. The completion of this building will eliminate the existing danger of its destruction and will have a significant social and economic effect.

This research paper investigates the application of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for the classification of pneumonia using chest X-ray images. Through rigorous experimentation and data analysis, the study demonstrates the model's impressive learning capabilities, achieving a notable accuracy of 96% in pneumonia classification. The consistent decrease in training and validation losses across 25 learning epochs underscores the model's adaptability and proficiency. However, the research also highlights the challenge of dataset imbalance and the need for improved model interpretability. These findings emphasize the potential of deep learning models in enhancing pneumonia diagnosis but also underscore the importance of addressing existing limitations. The study calls for future research to explore techniques for addressing dataset imbalances, enhance model interpretability, and extend the scope to address nuanced diagnostic challenges within the field of pneumonia classification. Ultimately, this research contributes to the advancement of medical image analysis and the potential for deep learning models to aid in early and accurate pneumonia diagnosis, thereby improving patient care and clinical outcomes. © (2024), (Science and Information Organization). All Rights Reserved.

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of macro-economic indicators and features of the lower limb prostheses market, including classification of modern models of feet, ankle and knee prostheses. A comparative analysis of economic factors, key market trends and technological achievements of leading manufacturers of lower limb prostheses is carried out. Advanced prosthetic technologies and their level of influence on rehabilitation are also researched. This paper analyzes the prosthetics market in Kazakhstan and researched global, modern and technological trends in the field of lower limb prostheses for a general understanding of the characteristics of this market in the context of future development and expansion of the catalog of medical devices of local manufacturers. Particular attention is paid to the availability of prostheses, price dynamics and problems faced by developing countries and potential areas for technological innovation. The results of the research show that the prostheses market continues to grow steadily due to increased demand, technological progress and government support. The conclusion provides recommendations for further development of the industry, including increasing the availability of prostheses, introducing intelligent solutions and developing local production to provide patients with more advanced and functional devices. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

The main object of the research is the efficiency of real-time ozonator control based on sensor networks. The study addressed the issue of low efficiency in ozonator control systems and the lack of reliability and speed in real-time data transmission. The research revealed that changes in pressure and temperature have a direct impact on ozone concentration. This finding made it possible to increase the ozonator’s productivity by 15 %, reduce energy consumption by 10 %, and improve system reliability by 20 %. The key features of the results include the ability to monitor ozone levels in real-time, maintaining the stability of the ozonator, and optimizing its performance. Additionally, sensor networks ensured fast and accurate data delivery, enhancing the energy efficiency and reliability of the system. These results were explained based on experimental data that demonstrated how changes in pressure and temperature affect ozone concentration. The use of sensor networks contributed to increased system stability, reduced energy consumption, and improved control accuracy. The obtained results can be applied to ozonator systems and other fields requiring real-time environmental monitoring and control. The methods proposed in the study provide opportunities for optimizing industrial processes, reducing costs, and achieving sustainable development goals Copyright © 2024, Authors. This is an open access article under the Creative Commons CC BY license

At the Azgir nuclear test site in Western Kazakhstan 17 nuclear explosions were carried out at a depth of 165 to 1500 m, as well as ground explosions. Nine underground cavities with a total volume of about 1.2 million m3 with extremely high residual radioactivity were formed in the thickness of the rock salt layers. Five of the nine cavities are filled with groundwater and strontium, cesium and plutonium radionuclides are leaking into the environment, and radionuclides spread through food chains. A medical examination of the inhabitants of the Azgir zone showed that their state of health is much worse than the corresponding indices for the population, especially children, than the average for the region (in terms of morbidity and mortality by 2-3.5 times). The analysis performed showed the relevance of developing a method for cleaning groundwater from radioactive isotopes, as well as other toxic substances at landfills in the Atyrau region, which will reduce the environmental burden in the region. A method has been developed to purify water from isotopes based on a mixture of sorbents with a recovery rate above 99%.

The research employs both the literature and experimental data in order to develop reasonable strategies for melon fly control. The objects of research were sierozem soils of the Zhanakorgan region (Kyzylorda region), bentonite clays of the Sauran region (Turkestan region), and vermicompost obtained at the production site of the Research Institute “Ecology” at the International Kazakh-Turkish University, named after Khoja Ahmed Yasawi. The competitive agent ‘Vermiserbent’ was developed by combining sulphur-perlite-containing waste (SPCW), vermicompost, and natural bentonite clay. When incorporated into the soil, it serves as both an insecticide and a fertiliser recovery agent. The disinfection and enrichment of barren Sierozem soils in southern Kazakhstan could provide an eco-friendly approach to protect cucurbits (melon, watermelon, and pumpkin) against the melon fly. The average yield of watermelon treated with Vermiserbent increased by 2.3 t/ha compared to the control, melon by 4.6 t/ha, and pumpkin by 5.6 t/ha. The marketability of gourds as watermelons and melons after treatment with fertiliser increased by 1.2 times, and pumpkin by 1.1 times. The findings of studies conducted in agricultural fields in the Turkestan and Kyzylorda regions have shown that it is possible to produce environmentally sound gourds using a mixture of vermicompost, bentonite, and SPCW. © 2023 by the authors.