Оқу құралы маркшейдерлік мамандықтың оқу бағдарламасына сәйкес дайындалған. Шахта құрылысындағы маркшейдерлік қызмет шешетін мәселелерге арналған есептер мен жаттығулар: өндіріс алаңын горизонталь және көлбеу жазықтықта тегістеу, оқпан центрінің координаталарын және осьтерінің дирекциондық бұрыштарын анықтау, бір арқанды және көп арқанды көтергіш қондырғылардың геометриялық элементтерін маркшейдерлік бақылау оқпандағы орындалған жұмыстың және оқпанда жиналған судың көлемін анықтау, оқпан қабырғасының және клетпен скиптерді бағдарлайтын бағандардың профильдерін дайындау, оқпанның негізгі осін жербетінен жерастындағы оқпан ауласына көшіру, жерастындағы оқпан маңындағы қазбалардың жобалық полигонын дайындау, жерастындағы қазбада орнатылған тұрақты конвейердің жағдайы бақылау келтірлген. Тәжірибелік жұмыстардың далада (құрылыста) орындалатын өлшеулері және олардың нәтижелерін камералық өңдеудің әдістемелері келтіретін. Әдістемелер әртүрлі мәселелерді шешуге арналған, мысал есептермен толықтырылған. 050707 "Тау-кен ісі" мамандығы "маркшейдер" мамандарының зертханалық тәжірибелік сабақтарына арналған. Кейбір тәжірибелік жұмыстарды "Тау-кен ісі" мамандығының "Маркшейдерлік іс" және ""Геодезия" пәндерін оқитын студенттер де пайдалануға болады.

Оқу құралында машинажасау технологиясы пәніне қатысты өндірісті техникалық тұрғыда даярлау мәселелерінің өзекті сатылары қарастырылған. ҚР Үкіметінің саясатын жүзеге асыруда отандық өнімнің бәсекелестік қасиетін жоғарылату үшін, сонымен қатар шетел өнімдерінің орнына өзіміздің өнеркәсіп кәсіпорындарында шығарылатын өнімдердің дәрежесін көтеру үшін машинажасау технологиясындағы деталдарды механикалық өңдеу үрдістерін көп мақсатты станоктарда жете қолдану өте өзекті мәселелердің қатарына жатады. Осы заманғы көп мақсатты станоктар - күрделі әрі қымбат тұратын жабдық. Сондықтан да олардың бар мүмкіндігін толық, тиімді пайдалану қажет. Тәжірибелік сабақтардың мазмұны машинажасау кәсіпорындары цехтарының, бөлімдерінің жұмысына барынша жақындатылған өндірістік шеберханаларда жұмыс істей білу үшін теориялық білім алуға және тәжірибелік машықтануға бағытталған және қолданыс табуын қорытындылай келіп, студенттердің өзіндік жұмыс жасау қабілеттерін жоғарылатады әрі толықтырады. Қазіргі заманғы өндірісшінің (слесарь, жұмысшы, конструктор, технолог, метролог) өнеркәсіптік өнімді шығарудағы орны мен рөлін бағалауға себеп болады. Оқу құралы колледж және жоғары оқу орындарының студенттеріне арналған.

The article is dedicated to the study of the phase formation processes in Li2ZrO3 ceramics obtained by the method of solid phase synthesis. Interest in these types of ceramics is due to their great potential for use as blanket materials in thermonuclear reactors, as well as being one of the candidates for tritium breeder materials. Analysis of the morphological features of the synthesized ceramics depending on the annealing temperature showed that the average grain size is 90–110 nm; meanwhile the degree of homogeneity is more than 90% according to electronic image data processing results. The temperature dependences of changes in the structural and conducting characteristics, as well as the phase transformation dynamics, have been established. It has been determined that a change in the phase composition by displacing the impurity LiO and ZrO2 phases results in the compaction of ceramics, as well as a decrease in their porosity. These structural changes are due to the displacement of LiO and ZrO2 impurity phases from the ceramic structure and their transformation into the Li2ZrO3 phase. During research, the following phase transformations that directly depend on the annealing temperature were established: LiO/ZrO2/Li2ZrO3 → LiO/Li2ZrO3 → Li2ZrO3. During analysis of the obtained current-voltage characteristics, depending on the annealing temperature, it was discovered that the formation of the Li2ZrO3 ordered phase in the structure results in a rise in resistance by three orders of magnitude, which indicates the dielectric nature of the ceramics.

As climate change concerns are rising rapidly, energy efficiency promotion and implementation could be sustainable solutions within energy transition. In this context, buildings, including educational ones, play an important role in reducing energy needs and promoting energy efficiency since they account for a significant share of the total energy consumption. As a case study for this research, the educational building of Kazakh-German University was selected. Following the national and international building standards, energy performance parameters were estimated. Current heat losses and performance have been estimated as baseline scenario settings. The impact of retrofitting measures on energy efficiency performance of the buildings under the four scenarios was calculated. Under the minor scenario, retrofitting interventions will lead to annual energy savings of 36.9 kWh/m2 and a 48% CO2 emission reduction, whereas under the major scenario, the annual energy savings will increase to 77.76 kWh/m2 and a nearly 82% CO2 emission reduction. The integration of a solar thermal system with capacity 400 kWh, assuming that the heat demand was reduced under the minor retrofitting scenario, can decrease heat energy consumption and CO2 emissions to 35%. As upfront costs of the energy efficiency measures are high, a carbon offset mechanism could facilitate the implementation of university building modernization. © 2022 by the authors.

Environmental problems associated with water pollution caused by organic dyes have raised serious concerns. In this context, photocatalytic processes have proven to be promising and environmentally friendly methods for water purification utilising abundant solar energy. In this study, a SrTiO3 -based photocatalyst was modified by doping with Al ions and the deposition of dual co-catalysts (Rh/Cr2O3 and CoOOH) to enhance the photocatalytic decomposition efficiency of methylene blue (MB). Pure perovskite SrTiO3 was synthesised by chemical precipitation followed by calcination at 1100 ◦C. Al-doped SrTiO3 with deposited co-catalysts showed 3.2 times higher photocatalytic activity compared to unalloyed SrTiO3 with co-catalysts in MB decomposition under visible radiation. This study highlights the effectiveness of using dual co-catalysts and low-valence metal doping to enhance the efficiency of the photocatalytic decomposition of organic pollutants. The density functional theory analysis results show that the Al doping of SrTiO3 improves charge separation and increases the lifetime of photogenerated electrons and holes while maintaining the size of the forbidden band, which confirms its effectiveness for enhancing photocatalytic activity

Each year, millions of tons of chemicals and pesticides are applied to agricultural soils to support food production. However, this intensive use of chemical inputs depletes soil vitality, reduces moisture retention capacity, and raises significant environmental and health concerns. To mitigate these negative impacts, researchers worldwide are seeking alternative agricultural solutions that reduce reliance on chemical inputs. One promising approach is the application of rhizobacteria, which can restore soil health, control plant pathogens, and promote plant growth through various mechanisms. Notably, different Bacillus rhizobacteria species play key roles by producing hormones, enzymes, antibiotics, and siderophores that enhance plant growth and protect against pests. Additionally, Bacillus spp. form beneficial interactions with crops, boosting plant tolerance to environmental stresses. Despite their potential, the agricultural applications of these bacteria remain underexplored, with only a limited number of species currently in direct use, leaving much of their potential untapped. A deeper understanding of Bacillus spp. biology is essential to developing products that can drive sustainable biotechnological innovations in agriculture and industry. This article reviews the role of Bacillus spp. and the effective utilization of plant growth-promoting (PGP) strains in agricultural systems. It also highlights critical, yet understudied, aspects of rhizobacteria that should be prioritized in future research.

Mycorrhizal fungus diversity is an ecosystem health indicator, and thus, the appreciation of the aboveground as well as the belowground biota, such as fungi associated with natural and managed ecosystems, is essential to provide sustainable products and suggestions to farmers. Less is known about the totally arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and fungal endophytes useful to agroecology, which are environment friendly microbial biofertilizers to mitigate the complications of conventional farming. Specific AMF are found in most covers; grassy ecosystems are increasingly investigated through their exclusive fungal species that improve sustainable cultivation. Different grazed pastures, forages, and their diversity are important objects of study either in economic or ecological scope. Based on recent reports, the occurrence of AMF in grasslands and pastures is significant, supporting more diverse AMF than native forests. Therefore, we show current information on these topics. We conducted a Web of Science search of published articles on AMF, pastures, and grasslands and analyzed them. The results confirmed the important role of pH as the driver of AMF diversity distribution between the grassy ecosystems from Argentina and Brazil. In grasslands, the main family represented was Glomeraceae, while pastures maintain predominantly Acaulosporaceae. Brazilian grasslands and pastures presented four times the AMF richness of those from Argentina. © 2023 by the authors.

While higher education, science, and industry have become key factors in the national and economic growth of a country, they perhaps act as independent performers. This paper aims to describe the development of innovative commercialization activities based on the dissemination of innovations in the fields of research, education, and business. The present research, using empirical studies as its research method, first reviewed the current worldwide status of research studies to see their contribution to knowledge transfer. Second, it portrayed the results of an online survey of 100 respondents studying and teaching or researching at Kazakhstani universities to better understand the innovative research activities and motivations of and barriers to research and development (R&D) in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The results of the proposed approach are presented in the case of Kazakhstani researchers. Based on such findings, some recommendations are made for better Kazakhstani education, industry, and science alignment so that research in this country can have a greater impact on economic growth. © 2022, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (Yogyakarta State University). All rights reserved.

This article examined the characteristics of zeolites from the Chankanai and Daubabinsk deposits. In the field of water treatment, the purpose of investigating natural zeolite from the Chankanai and Daubabinsk deposits as a sorbent presents new opportunities and prospects, as this raw material is little studied. The effectiveness of the sorbents was assessed based on the results of the water specifications according to the following criteria: methods for determining the total hardness of water; methods for measuring the mass concentration of total iron in water; methods for the determination of chloride in water; methods for the determination of nitrogen-containing substances in water; methods for determining the dry residue content of water; methods for determining the sulphate content of water; on hygiene requirements and water quality control. Zeolite modifications were aimed at improving their adsorption properties, increasing the efficiency of pollutant removal and developing optimal methods of using zeolites in water filtration. Modified zeolite from the Chankanai and Daubabinsk deposits showed high efficiency as a filter. When it was used to treat natural water, which normally contains high hardness and alkalinity, the best results were achieved with zeolite from the Chankanai deposit. In terms of Fe+ and Cl content, the best results were achieved using zeolite from the Daubabinsk deposit. © 2023 by the authors.

Ziziphora species (Lamiaceae) have been used in traditional medicine as sedatives, antiseptics, carminatives, or expectorants. Despite their common applications in phytotherapy, there is still lack of evidence about the composition of their extracts and its impact on biological properties of the plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the content of Ziziphora bungeana, a less studied species growing in Kazakhstan, using HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS instrumentation and to determine its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activity together with inhibitory properties against tyrosinase and toxicity in erythrocyte lysis assay. Extracts from Z. bungeana were found to be sources of flavonoids, phenolic acids, organic acids, and terpenes that determined their antiradical activity. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of extracts were lower for Gram-positive bacteria (1.25–10 mg/mL) than for Gram-negative bacteria and fungi (5–20 mg/mL). The EC50 value calculated for antiradical activity ranged between 15.00 ± 1.06 µg/mL and 13.21 ± 3.24 µg/mL for ABTS and DPPH assays, respectively. Z. bungeana extracts were found to decrease the activity of tyrosinase by 50% (at 200 µg/mL) similarly to kojic acid and were slightly cytotoxic for human melanoma A375 cell line (at 200 µg/mL) with no effect on HaCaT keratinocytes. In the end, Z. bungeana did not reveal toxic effects in hemolytic assay as compared to the positive control Triton X-100. The performed tests show potential application of the plant in the treatment of infectious diseases, disorders caused by free radicals, and skin problems. © 2022 by the authors.