The radiative relaxations of self-trapped excitons with a maximum at 2.8 eV in the sodium field are experimentally demonstrated in KCl-Na crystal – at direct optical creation of a near-sodium exciton with a photon energy of 7.62 eV, at electron-hole recombination in the process of X-ray excitation in the temperature range from 150 K to 300 K , as well as electron-hole recombination at optical stimulation in F/ - centers spectrum region (1.5 eV) at 90 K in crystal, pre-irradiated by X. The increase in the radiation intensity at 2.8 eV of KCl-Na crystal at X-ray excitation in the temperature range from 150 K to 300 K, when all exciton-like radiation is quenched, is interpreted by increasing the free path of the unrelaxed hole from 60 а to 600 а, where a is the lattice constant. Thus, in KCl-Na crystal, unique possibilities of self-trapped electronic excitation creation in the field of a light sodium ion are experimentally realized by three mechanisms – exciton, hole-electron recombination, and electron-hole recombination, the radiative relaxation of which ends by luminescence with a maximum at 2.8 eV.

With an increase in the amount of information, the problems associated with large amounts of data are aggravated, which in the future require the implementation of storage, transfer or processing processes. Working with large volumes of files significantly complicates these processes, and therefore there is a need for the existence of algorithms that allow compressing the volumes of files to the required size, acceptable for their efficient processing. Hash functions play an important role in the process of interacting with files. The use of hash functions implies the transformation of the original data according to a certain algorithm into a sequence of fixed length. This allows you to significantly speed up the search among a large number of files to view, modify or delete, to compare files, to verify immutability in cases where the data should not be changed by unauthorized persons. Thus, hashing is used in all areas where the question of storing, transmitting or processing data in the form of files arises, namely in cryptography, computer graphics, when organizing data on a computer and on the Internet.

onlinear partial differential equations are widely used as models to describe physical phenomena in various fields of sciences such as fluid mechanics, solid-state physics, plasma physics, chemical physics, condensed matter physics, optical fibers, biology, and geochemistry. One of the nonlinear partial differential equations is the complex modified Korteweg-de Vries equation. This equation has been proposed as a model for the nonlinear evolution of plasma waves and is the physical model that incorporates the propagation of transverse waves in a molecular chain model, and in a generalized elastic solid. In this paper, we study the T-symmetry nonlocal complex modified Korteweg-de Vries system of equations. This nonlocal system is obtained by Ablowitz-Musslimani type of reduction and is respectively T-symmetric nonlocal cmKdV system of equations. The Ablowitz - Musslimani type of reductions arises from remarkably simple symmetry reductions of general AKNS scattering problems. The method of the Darboux transformation is applied to obtain exact solutions.

In the presented scientific article, the researchers consider the experience of using laser-scanning technology, which makes it possible to shoot architectural, historical objects with the preservation of all elements and geometric parameters in electronic format. In order to minimize errors, optimize and speed up work, designers increasingly turn to laser scanning organizations for help. This allows you to get away from traditional measurements and get point clouds of any building with an accuracy of 1 mm. Modern technology of laser scanning of shooting objects, which has already shown its effectiveness in the reconstruction of industrial facilities, in architecture, construction, mining and a number of other areas. It is important to note that the scanner allows you to quickly perform detailed three-dimensional surveying in a substantially automated mode, which minimizes the operator's influence on the field work process.

In this article, the tasks and problems of destruction of the shoreline of the lake and the analysis of possible causes of collapse and erosion of the coast, and recommendations for the development of strengthening measures of the shore of Lake Alakol are considered. The anthropogenic factor, as a rule, has a negative impact that destabilizes the processes of self-regulation of the natural environment. In some cases at loads, exceeding critical, intensive influences lead to full irreversible infringement of processes of self-regulation of the river systems and as a result - to their destruction. The critical situation for Lake Alakol has come, probably, in the last two centuries. The advancing waters of Lake Alakol have blocked the pebble beaches and began to destroy the shore, thereby bringing harm to human life activities. The bijection, lithology, and geo geography of the device are not possible in this case. The following table describes the results of the anthropogenic treatment and the geological and geophysical studies of the device.

Hydroelectric resources of small rivers in many regions of our country are very large, the solution of technical issues related to their use is considered, as a rule, from the point of view of comprehensive and rational development of the potential of water flows. For the rational formation of the mode of operation of small hydroelectric power plants, it is necessary to determine the value of its main energy indicators and the value of its change, taking into account the climatic factors of the region in which it is operated. Like any other method of generating electricity by pulverized hydroelectric power plants, it has certain advantages and disadvantages, so the design of these issues needs to be taken into account when carrying out work. The general problems of small hydropower in foreign countries are caused by insufficient research of the hydrological regime and flow of small watercourses and the lack of mass production of equipment. Therefore, in order to prepare the project, it is necessary to determine in advance the relevant technical measures, and these issues were resolved in the preparation work.

The history of the study of fossil vertebrates of the Cenozoic era (from the Late Miocene to the Holocene) in the territory of Western Kazakhstan dates back to the XVIII century. Since then, dozens of their locations have been discovered, where valuable paleontological material, including skeletons and skulls, has been collected. The study of the Cretaceous reptiles of Kazakhstan began at the end of the XIX century. Ichthyosaurs and plesiosaurs are characteristic of the entire Early Cretaceous and Cenomanian, which is associated with the largest number of finds. Terrestrial reptiles-archosaurs (mainly dinosaurs, less often crocodiles and pterosaurs) and turtles - are known from the Neocomian to the Senon inclusive, but predominate in the first half of the Late Cretaceous. The history of the study of large mammals of the Cenozoic era and reptiles of the Mesozoic era on the territory of Kazakhstan, from the very first works of the XVIII century to the present time, is considered.

The article discusses the conditions for the formation of oil and gas complexes (oil and gas play) in Aryskum trough. Geological and geophysical data of deep geological structure confirm that formation of sedimentary basin and lithological-stratigraphic complexes, oil and gas complexes (oil and gas plays) of Southern Torgay was influenced by the rift-induced geodynamic regime of oil and gas formation. The stages of rifting are divided: pre – rift, initial – formation (early Jurassic), middle – subsidence (early-middle jurassic) and final (late jurassic), which are associated with the formation of jurassic productive horizons. The Cretaceous productive horizons were formed during the epirift stage. The rift mode of oil and gas formation assumes high warming of the subsurface and conditions for the migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons and confirms the prospects for searching for hydrocarbon traps in the Aryskum trough.

The article presents the issues of monitoring and analysis of agricultural land using satellite imagery data. Images from the European Space Agency's Sentinel-2 satellite were used as the main research material. This satellite provides optical data that is used for many areas, such as monitoring for floods, landslides, fires, agricultural crops, etc. The area of the Northern Economic Zone of Kazakhstan, the mouth of the Yessil River, was used as the object of the study. The vegetation index NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) was used for monitoring, and the basic principles of its application were explained. The analysis of the obtained result is presented and the diagrams show changes in the vegetation background of the studied territory. Special recommendations were given for further improvement of research methods and its effectiveness was justified.

The article implicates with aspects of geodynamic monitoring at hydrocarbon fields. The main factors of geodynamic risk - natural and technogenic are given. The foreign and domestic experience in conducting geodynamic research is briefly presented, also illustrated the forms of manifestation of natural and technogenic geodynamic processes. Information about geodynamic events and deformation processes in the developed oil and gas fields is generalized. The principles of creating geodynamic polygons and technologies for conducting geodynamic monitoring in hydrocarbon fields are considered, including equipment and basic monitoring methods. Work on the creation of a geodynamic polygon and carrying out geodynamic monitoring on it should consist of several main interrelated stages. Thus, in the conclusion, the most optimal and effective sequence of geodynamic monitoring at the developed hydrocarbon fields is formulated.