The article is devoted to reviewing the issues related to the application of geophysical methods for solving the problems of monitoring the development of solid mineral deposits. The problems considered in the work are highly relevant in connection with the recent increase in the frequency of natural and man-made disasters caused by the disturbance of the rock mass during the construction of mine workings and the exploitation of ore deposits developed by underground methods.This is especially pertinent for deposits at a late stage of development. Based on an analysis of foreign and domestic scientific litera-ture, the authors provide a detailed examination of the possibilities of using various modifications of geophysical methods in the mining industry at the stages of deposit development and operation.Particular attention is paid to the efficiency of seismic exploration methods in monitoring the development of ore deposits mined by underground methods at great depths. It is shown that the use of geophysical methods is one of the most effective ways to account for the behavior of natural and technical sys-tems in underground workings, depending on the current state of the geological environment and artificial impacts on rock massifs.A well-founded conclusion is made that systematic monitoring and prevention of the technogenic state of underground workings, as well as the study of the current state of the rock mass and ore deposits in hard-to-reach areas using modern geo-physical technologies, form the basis for the effective and safe development of long-exploited solid mineral deposits.The presented review is used for the scientific and practical substantiation of research work carried out by a team of specialists from KazNITU named after K.I. Satpayev, focused on developing a technology for assessing the geomechanical state of mined-out spaces using seismic methods during underground mining of minerals in the complex mining and geological condi-tions of copper sandstone deposits in Kazakhstan.

This research presents a systematic review of innovative methods for determining the influence of the concentra-tion of flocculant reagents TOPFLOC 714, NALCO 8172PULV, and Magnofloc 5250 in recycled water for the purpose of dewatering sludge from treatment facilities during the processing of fine-dispersed chrome ores using the gravity-flotation method of enriching aged tailings at the Donskoy GOK. It also examines the degree of influence of amine components of floc-culants in recycled water on the technological processes of gravity and flotation beneficiation, as well as the corrosion re-sistance of equipment. A review of modern water treatment methods is provided.A systematic review and analytical assess-ment of the results of 10 selected scientific studies on the methodology for determining the efficiency of flocculants for de-watering sludge from treatmentfacilities in the processing of fine-dispersed chrome ores was conducted, covering the period from 2006 to 2023.The study results show the use of easily accessible, safe, and cheap biodegradable polymers through inno-vative methods. Additionally, the research demonstrates successful examples of thickening oxide minerals after gravity separa-tors and flotation machines to achieve good results in sedimentation of sludge from treatment facilities in fine ore processing. The pH of the solution influences the behavior of polymer chains. The clarification of industrial wastewater from gravity and flotation processes depends on both the type and concentration of the applied flocculants.A systematic review of dewatering methods for sludge from treatment facilities processing fine-dispersed chrome ores was carried out with an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the selected methods.Overall, the results highlight the importance of using flocculant rea-gents and applying innovative methods for the sedimentation of fine-dispersed chrome ores to enhance beneficiation efficiency and improve resource utilization.

The paper presents the results of comprehensive studies of the processing of ferrous metallurgy dust by high-temperature sintering together with CaCl2. Using modern research methods of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy ICP-MS (Agilent 7700s ICP-MS System Technologies), powderX-ray diffraction (Ultima III (Rigaku Corporation, USA), the composition of dust and the forms of metals in them have been studied: zinc in dust is mainly represented in in the form of zincite (ZnO) and in the form of franklinite (ZnFe2O4). Zinc chloride hydrates (Zn5Cl2·(OH)8·H2O) were found in a small amount. Lead was found in a metallic form.The results of the influence of temper-ature and consumption of CaCl2on the distribution of Zn, Pb between sintering products (clinker, sublimates) are presented. The optimal process parameters were established: t=900ºC, τ=60 minutes, the consumption of CaCl2is 1.3 times higher than its consumption from the SRQ. High quality zinc sublimates were obtained, % by weight: 40.87 Zn; 0.16 Pb; 44.82 Cl; 13.04 O; others. A high recovery of zinc in distillates has been achieved –98.9%. The presence of a minimum lead content in the distillates will not significantly affect their quality. New data on the extraction and distribution of zinc and lead betweenthe products of high-temperature sintering of clinker together with CaCl2have been obtained. It was found that at temperatures above 700ºC, the zinc content in the clinker decreases sharply. The minimum zinc content in the clinker of 0.62% corresponds to a temperature of 900ºC. An increase in temperature to 1000ºC only slightly reduces the zinc content in the clinker to 0.6%.

This article examines the key factors involved in the production of electrolytes for vanadium batteries. It delves into various important parameters, including the optimal concentration of vanadium in the electrolyte, the composition of the electrolyte itself, and the necessity of maintaining appropriate levels of ionic strength, viscosity, temperature, and electrical conductivity in the solution. Moreover, the article highlights the significance of preventing electrode wear and sediment for-mation, offering insights into different reagents used and their specific mechanisms of action. By providing such valuable information, this article emphasizes the utmost importance of manufacturing high-qualityvanadium batteries and their essen-tial electrolytes, especially considering the rapid advancements in this field. This comprehensive study sheds light on the cru-cial parameters that must be carefully considered during the production of electrolytes for vanadium batteries. It stresses the criticality of maintaining optimal concentrations, proper composition, and suitable levels of ionic strength, viscosity, tempera-ture, and electrical conductivity. It is also underscoring the need to prevent electrode wear and sediment formation. Generally speaking, this article serves as an invaluable resource in the production of top-notch vanadium batteries and their indispensable electrolytes in light of the rapid progress in this domain.

The geological structure of low-viscosity oil reservoirs, represented by carbonate collectors in the Ferghana re-gion of Uzbekistan, is characterized by a wide range of variations in geological and physical factors as well as in the parame-ters of implemented development systems. Based on the refinement of parameterscharacterizing reservoir structure, geological heterogeneity, and the reservoir properties of productive layers, as well as the results of developing fields in the late stage of exploitation, a geological-statistical model has been developed using the method of multifactorial correlation and regression analysis. This model allows for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of the influence of geological and technological factors on the oil recovery factor for carbonate reservoirs in the Ferghana region.The study demonstrates the dominant influ-ence of geological factors on the oil recovery factor, while among technological factors, only the well spacing density showssignificant impact. The developed geological-statistical model for the oil recovery factor is recommended for use in justifying geological and technical measures to optimize the development systems of these fields.

The article deals with the results of dynamic interpretation of 3D CDPM seismic data in combination with log-ging data. The authors were faced with the task of comparing the results of pre-stack seismic inversion and neural learning technology in the conditions of the Arykty gas condensate field. The reason for this was the low seismic knowledge of the studied area, the fairly good predicted prospects for oil and gas content in the region, and the need to study the criteria for selecting a particular dynamic interpretation procedure. In this regard, an attempt was made to consider the structure and oil and gas content of the Arykty gas condensate field from the point of view of a comparative analysis between pre-stack inver-sion, which is currently actively used in the geological exploration industry within the framework of a standard interpretation graph, and neural machine learning. Justification for the relevance of the studies performed is availability of new wells andupdated logging data, the ability to update and to compare the results of synchronous pre-stack inversion, and the ability to test neural learning algorithms. The conducted studies make it possible to identify criteria for the preferential use of machine learn-ing in the conditions of the Arykty field, to take a fresh look at the features of the internal structure of the rocks that make up the productive part of the section, and to demonstrate physically the advantages of machine learning results in comparison with pre-stack seismic inversion.

Space technologies, which provide the capability for remote sensing of the Earth, including monitoring of vege-tation conditions, are now an integral part of agricultural monitoring. One of the main tools for monitoring studies is the imag-ing equipment of the Landsat spacecraft. Optical-electronic satellite imaging is performed in different spectral bands. The Landsat series of satellites has a long time series of archived data with a reference accuracy of medium spatial resolution.This paper proposes an integrated approach using remote sensing and GIS techniques to study the influence of hydrogeological conditions of irrigated massifs on crop yields. Landsat-8 space images for the period 2013-2021 were used as remote sensing data to study the influence of soil salinity, groundwater level and salinity on raw cotton yields in the Mactaaral irrigationarray plots of Turkestan Province. To assess the influence of these factors, spectral vegetation indices, salinity indices and water indices were calculated and analysed. The index images obtained made it possible to identify differences in raw cotton yieldsin plots with favourable ameliorative conditions. Using spectral vegetation indices, it was possible to identify zones with the most active cotton growth, as well as areas with low yields, which may be related to soil salinity and insufficient groundwater levels. High soil salinity and high groundwater salinity negatively affect the yield of raw cotton.Thus, theanalysis of spectral vegetation indices, salinity indices and water indices makes it possible to determine more precisely the factors affecting crop yields and to take the necessary measures to increase yields in areas with unfavourable conditions.Crimedetermination aspects in the Far East Federal region are discovered considering socioeconomic situation, complex of negative demographic and so-cio-economic factors that lead to significant decrease of gainfully employed population and relevance of labor migration. The research objective is to uncover the problems of drug abuse crime in the Far East Federal Region. Objectives: to study and analyze the statistics of demographic and migration processes in this region, to show the consequences of violating migration rules, their impact on increasing the rate of drug abuse crime.

The study and identification of regularities of geological and paleogeographic development of Central Kazakh-stan in the Cenozoic is fundamentally important for understanding the geological processes of Eurasia as a whole, as they were reflected in the marine and continental landscapes of theadjacent regions of Western Kazakhstan, Central Asia and Western Siberia. Practically from the beginning of the Cenozoic, a continental mode of sedimentation was established here, with land-scapes of denudation plains and low highlands. Organic remains make it possible to dissect the Cenozoic continental strata and reconstruct the stages of landscape development from typically tropical and subtropical in the Paleocene and Eocene to steppeand savannah landscapes by the beginning of the Quaternary. The GooseFlight fauna locality is a stratotype of the Pliocene Pavlodar Formation. It is one of the largest localities of Miocene Hipparion fauna of Eurasia, located in the north-eastern part of Central Kazakhstan, on the Irtysh River, within the city limits of Pavlodar. The location «Goose flight»is comparable to such widely known localities of Hipparion fauna as Taralyk-Cher and Kholu (Russia, Tuva), Baode fauna in Shansi province in China, Grebeniki and Berislavsky in Ukraine, Taraclia in Moldova. The locality needs protection and defence as it is de-stroyed due to erosion of the banks of the Irtysh River and uncontrolled sampling. The article provides a description of the Pavlodar Formation sediments, its geological and palynological characteristics, as well as the history of the study of the Goose Flight locality, the most complete list of fossils, gives their environmental characteristics and concludes on the conditionsof accumulation of the Pavlodar Formation strata.

A technology for bacterial iron oxidation in the process of in-situ leaching of uranium has been developed and proposed for industrial use. The technology was validated by the results of pilottests conducted at a uranium deposit in Ka-zakhstan over a period of 12 months. The aim of the study was to develop a technology for bacterial iron oxidation in the pro-cess of in-situ uranium leaching using a new type of flow bioreactor. Two biotechnological installations with bioreactors of 20 m³ volume were created and installed in 40-foot containers. The bioreactors, equipped with piping, air compressors, a pumping station, and control and measuring instruments, were installed at the geotechnical site and connected to the main in-situ urani-um leaching system through wells. The installations had a productivity of over 150,000 m³/year for the leaching solution. After passing through the bioreactors, the redox potential of the solution increased from 360 mV to 430-450 mV in flow mode. The concentration of ferric iron increased from 0.1 g/L to 1.5 g/L and higher. The bacterial iron oxidation process was carried out at a solution temperature of 10 to 12°C (optimal temperature —25-35°C), which allowed eliminating the costs of heating the solution.The test results showed an increase in uranium content in the productive solution by 10-20% after the leaching solu-tion passed through the ore-bearing layer for 1 month. This confirmed the prospects for using this technology for in-situ well uranium leaching. The economic costs of using the technology are 6-8 times lower compared to using chemical oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide. The obtained industrial results open new prospects for the application of biotechnological methods for in-situ well leaching of uranium and other metals for the first time.

The article examines the features of the microstructure of a new type of silicon film, based on a previously un-studied form of nanosilicon, obtained by magnetron sputtering. Microstructural analysis was carried out using a Jeol JSM-6490LA scanning electron microscope, a JEM2100 transmission electron microscope, and a Ntegra atomic force microscope (AFM) Therma. Raman spectroscopic analysis of silicon films was carried out on a Horiba system Jobin –Yvon HR800UV (France). It has been established that the new form of nanosilicon under the studied conditions for obtaining silicon films is represented by fibers with a diameter of 10 to 150 nm. From a microstructural point of view, a silicon film, when a significant proportion of a new type of nanosilicon is formed in the film composition, acquires a porous cellular structure resulting from the interweaving of silicon nanofibers. The cells have an elongated oval shape with a width and length of about 1 and 3 μm, respectively. The obtained microphotographs are compared with similar data obtained when creating thin silicon films, which contain various polymorphic modifications of silicon in order to further classify the visual display of polymorphism and non-ideality of silicon nanostructures.