This article shows research the risks of landslide processes on the territory of Lake Kolsai, as well as the influence of anthropogenic factors on dangerous geological processes. Examples of data processing from LandSat-7,8 satellites using the Google Earth Pro program and images of the territory of Lake Kolsai using unmanned aerial vehicles are shown. The main purpose of this article is to use the analysis of data from previously carried out works to assess the conditions of zones with potentially dangerous development of landslide processes, as well as to give predictive assessments of the risks of DGP in this area. The area of research is the left side of Lake Kolsai in the northern Tien Shan, in the Kolsai Gorge, in the bridge connecting the Kungei and Zailiysky Alatau ridges. At the end of the nineteenth century, a number of major earthquakes occurred in the above-mentioned area, which caused enormous damage to the environment and to the people of the coastal areas. Subsequently, after these earthquakes, dangerous zones with a potential risk of landslide processes were formed in the study area. This article deals mainly with the left side of Lake Kolsai, which changes year after year due to the strong anthropogenic load. For this article, the collected satellite images and photographs from the UAV have been processed, interpreted and the necessary data extracted. The analysis of previously carried out works is made.

The article discusses the study of reservoir fluids and the role of the hydrodynamic environment in the formation and preservation of hydrocarbon deposits within the Bukhara-Khiva oil and gas region. Aboveground water are the primary "transporter" scattered hydrocarbons, in certain geological hydrogeological conditions, they can contribute to their accumulation or destruction. In this regard, the study of the nature of the movement of fluids due to geological and tectonic processes is a necessary condition for assessing the prospects of oil and gas potential in the territories.

The method consists in ensuring the reliability of the planned consumer quality of ores by using non-parametric properties of the variation of unevenness, variability and uncertainty of contents, which predetermine the weighted average value of the average, according to which qualimetrically averaged aggregate and frequency integrity of contents is reproduced. The method is based on the concept of reproducing qualimetrically averaged sets of contents, zonal based on the nature of their distribution and the uniformity of their values, using the qualimetric geoindicator property of the modal concentration of ores. The fundamental difference of the method is in achieving the reliability of the planned average grade - "by areas of qualimetrically averaged grades" instead of the traditional one - "by grouped point samples", in which stabilization of the quality of ores is achieved before mining. Based on the results of qualimetric averaging of grades, qualimetric maps are compiled containing geological zones of high-quality and ordinary ores, and ores with modal grades, and consumer quality calculation blocks. In-situ-experimentally confirmed the feasibility of the minimum limits of deviations of the contents of the initial production coming to the processing and processing processes from the planned ones for the extraction sites, achieved when extracting the reserves of the reproduced sites of ordinary, high-quality, high-quality and near-edge ores. Geological and geometric bases are being created for the modernization of the processes of exploration, calculation, preparation and excavation of reserves, the costs of technical averaging are reduced, and losses of metals in mining waste and processing tailings are eliminated.

The metallogeny of Kazakhstan is considered from the standpoint of the concept of the Earth's crust stepwise development and geotectonogens. Using examples, new regularities are established that significantly complement the well-known scientific and theoretical ideas about metallogeny and the forecast of minerals, which have not previously been given due attention. Currently, for many priority types of minerals, especially those that are city-forming, there is already an acute shortage. Therefore, the replenishment of mineral reserves is an extremely urgent and important task for the country. In solving the problem, the predictive-metallogenic direction of the metallogenic school of Kazakhstan, which was foundet by K.I. Satpaev. We have described new regularities in the formation and distribution of mineral deposits, especially unconventional ones. In selected promising areas, nodes and areas, large-scale integrated forecasting and prospecting and exploration work is proposed. Considering the established patterns, special attention is paid to the ore content of the Precambrian, Volcanogenic belts, Weathering crusts and stratiform mineralization. The role of predictive metallogenic studies of regional, special and local is shown, with an analysis of existing and new materials based on the latest scientific ideas. The use of advanced technologies will make it possible to establish new patterns of the deposit’s development in time and space, to identify new, including non-traditional ore-bearing areas for Kazakhstan.

This article presents the results of a research of the influence of the electrical characteristics of the current lead on the technical and economic indicators of ferrosilicochromium smelting. The parameters of the operation of the furnace No.43 of the Aksu Ferroalloy Plant in connection with the change in the characteristics of the current lead during the modernization of the EPU are considered. According to the experimental results of calculations, the power Ru, the composition of the metal and slag from the production of ferrosilicochromium are have great importance, almost with a rare use of the electrical resistance of the solid charge and the electrical resistivity of the slag, regardless of the readings of the sensors and the electrical parameters of the current supply. When using computational computer-computer programs (CRP), eleven modes of network operation are used. In this paper, mode 10 is closest to the production mode. According to mode 10, the electrical parameters of the current supply have been improved. According to the conditions of experimental calculations, the power Ру, the compositions of the metal and slag of ferrosilicochromium production remain constant. Modernization of a short network and an increase in the deepening of electrodes into the charge led to a decrease in Rу to 0.945÷0.958 mΩ and secondary voltage Uл to 155 V, to a decrease in the SiC content in the slag to 15.1 and a decrease in flyoff SiО2 to 67.0÷68.6 kg/t. The deepening of the electrodes with their reduced fit increased the furnace productivity to 79.8 t, and the specific power consumption decreased by 870 kW/h·t.

In Kazakhstan, there is a growing demand for oil and gas pipes and general-purpose pipes made of steels with high performance properties, high-quality blanks for mechanical engineering and structural steel for construction. The work was carried out within the framework of the Targeted Financing Program, in which, as one of the most urgent, the task was set to expand and improve the range of steel products of steel-smelting enterprises, which are in demand, first of all, in the domestic market. Some questions on microalloying with molybdenum and titanium are considered. The article presents the main results of experimental heats to obtain high-strength structural steel with titanium and molybdenum. Metallographic studies of experimental laboratory samples were carried out using an Olympus 51ВХ (TRF) light microscope. The metallographic analysis of the studied samples showed that the base steel 09G2S of the current production has a ferrite-pearlite structure. The grains have an acicular structure (the formation of polygonal ferrite) and correspond to 5-6 points. At the same time, heterogeneity is observed. The results of the study of laboratory samples alloyed with molybdenum and titanium (sample No.1 and No.2) confirm the effectiveness of the impact of microalloying elements on grain refinement, which is due to the release of a significant amount of carbonitrides of the type (MoCN, TiCN) along the grain boundaries. The microstructure of both samples consists of two well-defined phases - ferrite and pearlite, and the grain size corresponds to 7-8 points.

The physics and technology of noncrystalline materials is one of the rapidly developing areas of condensed matter physics, materials science, and nanotechnologies. Among the variety of materials with a non-crystalline structure, a special place is occupied by the class of chalcogenide glassy semiconductors (CGS) with unique properties and phenomena, such as the switching effect, photostructural transformations. The switching effect is observed in thin CGS films and is associated with a fast-reversible phase transition of the structure from the glassy state to the crystalline state under the action of voltage pulses or laser radiation. Based on this effect, a separate class of information carriers has been formed for non-volatile storage devices such as PCM (Phase Change Memory) with high performance and reliability. Materials for use in PCM devices are CGSs of complex compositions lying on the GeTe-Sb2Te3 quasi-binary boundary, and thin films of Ge2Sb2Te5 composition are the most promising for use in PCM devices. The ability to control the electronic properties of such functional materials based on CGS significantly expands the scope of their application and is an important scientific and practical task, since traditional methods for purposefully changing the electronic properties of crystalline semiconductors, such as doping during synthesis or the thermal diffusion method, turned out to be ineffective for CGS. Impurities introduced into CGS at low concentrations by the methods indicated above usually do not show electrical activity, since they are compensated by their charged structural defects, and an increase in the impurity concentration leads to significant crystallization. In this work, the atomic composition of Ge2Sb2Te5 nanosized films with a bismuth content of more than 12 at.%, obtained by ion-plasma deposition in the direct current mode, was studied by the method of energy dispersive analysis using a scanning electron microscope. In addition, the current–voltage characteristics of the samples were measured. It has been found that the transition voltage and the time, which characterize the switching and memory effects, depend significantly on the film thickness and composition. The addition of bismuth reduces the film switching time. A decrease in the film thickness leads to a decrease in the threshold voltage Uth and the switching time. We believe that the results of this work are useful for the development of optical memory based on phase change materials.

Nowadays the boundary parameters of reservoir identification are expanding due to the scientific and technological progress which cause in the improvement of field development technologies and the creating of new EOR (enhanced oil recovery) methods. Usually new oil fields are presented by low-permeable rock with complex geological structure which results in demand of updated analytical tools, because existing methods of oil displacement characteristics construction annually loses its relevance. The aim of this article is to present new methodology of operational evaluation of recoverable oil reserves both for terrigenous and carbonate reservoirs, which considers the difference and features of poroperm properties of reservoirs. This methodology is based on special core analysis and relative permeability curves which are less time-consuming comparing to 3D simulational model. The fractional flow curve was used as a basic tool which operates current water saturation as reserves recovery and phase permeability, as equivalent to water cut. Modifying these parameters makes it possible to predict the flow process and reserves recovery. The comparison of obtained results with the results of applying traditional methods shows a high level of forecasting reliability, since the retrospective forecast was fully confirmed by historical development data.

On the basis of stock and published materials, the article reveals some potential of the earth's interior of the Republic, showing the possibility of expanding the mineral resource base of existing mining enterprises by reassessing and reassessing near-surface and searching for new deposits of medium and large depths. In the future, the creation of new territorial industrial complexes in some ore regions of Kazakhstan on the basis of approved reserves and projected mineral resources is not excluded. It is noted that: for copper, in addition to copper-porphyry, there are great prospects for identifying coppery sandstones and shales; according to iron assessment, numerous geological and geophysical anomalies that have not been sufficiently or not studied at all, which have prospects for searching for deposits of both shallow, medium and large depths; It is recommended to reinterpret materials over the area of a large number of ore body outcrops, collapses and ore occurrences and consider them as criteria for prospecting for either deep deposits or placer prospecting; for bauxite raw materials - significant reserves are projected in areas of known deposits and ore occurrences, certain reserves can be identified in deposits of mining and mining chemical raw materials and, most importantly, analyze materials on depressions with coal deposits, under which large and super-large (unique) Аl2О3 resources can be concentrated, as well as pay special attention to non-bauxite aluminum raw materials, where researchers predicted billions of dollars in reserves Аl2О3. It is concluded that existing and newly created enterprises will be provided with raw materials for many years.

In the article, the influence of fluxing additives on the kinetics of the process and the yield of the alloy is investigated. It has been proven that the use of fluoride salts, in particular CaF2, in an amount from 15.0 to 18.0% contributes to an increase in the burning rate of the charge, the formation of mobile liquid slags that improve phase separation; at 6.7-8.0%, the maximum yield of the alloy occurs. The features of the use of fluxing additives in aluminothermic processes, the dependences of the charge burning rate based on the B2O3-Al system on the amount of flux were determined. The choice of a flux and the determination of its optimal amount, which provides the necessary physicochemical properties of the slag melt, which contributes to the formation of an ingot of aluminum borides, more complete phase separation, were carried out, experiments were carried out using: calcium oxide, fluorspar, potassium chlorides, potassium tetrafluoroborate in various combinations. The effectiveness of using potassium tetrafluoroborate as a fluxing additive mixed with fluorspar to increase the yield of the alloy and increase the boron content in it is analyzed.