The results of studying the effect of silicon concentration of ferrosilicon: FeSi5 (5% Si), FeSi20 (20% Si), FeSi35 (35% Si), FeSi50 (50% Si), FeSi65 (65% Si) on the degree of nickel (ηNi) and iron (ηFe) reduction of the CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-FeO-NiO-P2O5multicomponent oxide system at a temperature of 1500°C by thermodynamic simulation are giv-en. The HSC Chemistry 6.12 software package developed by Outokumpu (Finland) was used for the simulation. Thechemical compounds Ni3Si and Ni5Si2with the corresponding thermodynamic characteristics are entered into the database. The calcula-tions were performed by the “Equilibrium Compositions” subroutine at a gas pressure of 1 atm, containing 2.24m3N2as a neutral additive. The obtained modeling results indicate the thermodynamic possibility of nickel and iron reduction from the CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-FeO-NiO-P2O5oxide system by silicon of ferrosilicon. The degree of iron reduction increases from 88.8 to 91.4% with an increase in the silicon concentration of ferrosilicon [Si]FeSifrom 5 to 65%. The degree of nickel reduc-tion with an increase in the silicon concentration of ferrosilicon remains almost unchanged and amounts to 99.8-99.7%. The degree of use of silicon is 92.1-94.5%. The chemical composition of the complex alloy -ferrosiliconickel is determined. The obtained simulation results can be used to develop the technology for producing ferrosiliconickel from nickel ore by silico-thermic method.

The article presents the results of a study of the interaction of phosphorites from the Chulaktau deposit of the Karatau basin with coke and steel shavings. The studies were carried out by computer thermodynamic modeling using the HSC-10 software package, together with mathematical planning of experiments, as well as by electric phosphorite melting in an electric arc furnace. On the basis of the conducted studies it was established that the joint formation of intermediate prod-ucts from the systems Ca3(PO4)2-SiO2-C-Fe is possible at the temperature ˃1635-1702ºC. Based on the obtained volumetric and planar images of the coke and steel shavings effect on the technological parameters of the phosphorite’s electric smelting, it was found that in order to produce FS25 grade ferrosilicon containing 20-30% of Si and calcium carbide with a capacity of 245.1-248.1 dm3/kg (2ndgrade), the process should be carried out in the presence of 52-58% of coke and 24.4-38% of steel shavings. In this case, the extraction degree of silicon into the ferroalloy was 70-80%, and calcium into calcium carbide –60-70%.

The article discusses issues related to increasing the efficiency of extracting gold-bearing ores from poor ores us-ing the gravity enrichment method. Gold is a metal whose production and consumption are least susceptible to high fluctua-tions in the global and domestic markets. Global gold production faces certain challenges, including the depletion of rich and easily enrichable ores and shallow deposits suitable for open-pit mining. However,the simultaneous sharp increase in energy resources and transportation costs has reduced the profitability of domestic mining and technological production. The high variability in content, mineral composition, the presence of a large number of impurities,and differences in the forms and nature of deposits place gold among the most challenging raw materials to process. This requires the integration of various methods of enrichment and processing. The author presents the impact of the centrifugal concentrator Nelson (Knelson) on increasing the gold recovery from gold-bearing poor ores under high climatic conditions. The increase in extraction is achieved through the disruption of ore structure, substantial density reduction, and enhanced mineral liberation through gravity, reaching up to 63%. Thus, the optimization is classified as fine and medium-grained gold.

This research’s purpose is to monitor changes in the water quality of the Syrdarya River and groundwater of the Kyzylzharma field for the sustainable supply of drinking water to the city of Kyzylorda, Kazakhstan. This article presents the results of chemical analyzes of natural waters of the Syrdarya River, taken from river water in the direction of flow, in the territory of Zhanakorgan, Kyzylorda and Kazaly. The results of the quality of groundwater used in some wells are presented incomparison with the drinking water standards in force in Kazakhstan.It should be noted that in the area of the Kyzylorda field, the mineralization of groundwater is 0.8-1.1 g/l, the sulfate content in the water of individual production wells reaches 690 mg/l, and the total hardness of groundwater is up to 14 mEq/l. The results of an assessment of possible changes in groundwater quality are presented. According to forecasts for February 16, 2038, the greatest increase in groundwater mineralization (by 0.22 g/l) will occur in wells with map numbers 131, 133, 135.

This article presents the results of applying geostatistical interpolation methods to filtration coefficients obtained from interval hydrogeological studies in six geotechnical wells, with depths up to 1500 meters, in the Nurkazgan East field. Packers were usedto isolate the required intervals, and pressure changes during tests were recorded using autonomous sensors. Subsequent processing of the results was carried out using the Python programming language. Geostatistical interpolation methods (including simple kriging and stochastic methods) for geological features were examined. For this purpose, several Python programming language libraries were utilized for data preparation, interpolation, visualization, and export to the re-quired data format, such as Pandas, Numpy, PyGSLIB, GeONE, and others. As a result, the distribution of filtration coeffi-cients within the boundaries of the modeled block was obtained. The applied stochastic methods allowed obtaining the neces-sary number of equiprobable realizations of the filtration coefficient distribution, which on average converged to the solution of simple kriging. Using these equiprobable realizations in further solving the problem of determining the forecast volume of drainage water, using geofiltration modeling, will provide a probabilistic distribution of these volumes. The forecast volume of drainage water significantly impacts the economy of the entire mining enterprise, as it affects the chosen mine dewatering scheme, selection of infrastructure for drainage water pumping, the magnitude of unbalanced volumes of pumped water dis-charged into the evaporator pond, and much more. Accordingly, the described method will allow determining both the most probable volumes of drainage water and their upper and lower bounds. Conducting geostatistical calculations using program-ming languages, particularly Python, enables hydrogeologists to fully utilize the theoretical foundations of any direction, whereas ready-made software products to some extent impose limitations.

The article discusses the methods of processing vanadium-containing raw materials, including methods of pre-sintering and leaching of raw materials, extraction and precipitation of vanadium-containing solutions. In addition, the specific methods used for each type of vanadium-containing raw materials are described, with a description of their advantages and limitations. The article also briefly analyzes a number of the main influencing factors and mechanisms of various processes. Some research prospects are proposed to improve the methods of vanadium concentration from vanadium-containing raw materials.The article considers the potential of extraction and processing of vanadium-containing black shale ore, as well as vanadium-containing titanomagnetite ores. Spent vanadium catalysts used in petrochemical processes can be a potential source for vanadium extraction. In addition, vanadium-containing bauxite raw materials, oil and steel production slags can be promis-ing raw materials for further extraction of vanadium.The article presents methods for processing vanadium-containing raw materials, including methods of pre-sintering and leaching ofraw materials, extraction and precipitation of vanadium-containing solutions. In addition, the specific methods used for each type of vanadium-containing raw materials are described, with a description of their advantages and limitations. The article alsoexamines the potential of extraction and processing of vanadium-containing black shale ore, vanadium-containing titanomagnetite ores as a potential source for vanadium extraction. Vanadium-containing bauxite raw materials and steelmaking slags can also bepromising raw materials for further extraction of vanadium.

The paper investigates novel steel compositions, alloyed with Cr, Ni, and V, exhibiting improved damping prop-erties. Additionally, it proposesa surface coating method to further enhance damping capabilities. Furthermore, the study pre-sents findings on structure and phase formation processes in (TiN)-Cu coatings, deposited via vacuum-arc deposition on EO5 steels substrates. The coating fracture exhibits signs of ductile fracture, accompanied by the formation of fibrous-banded pits on the fracture surface. Scratch tests reveal shear stresses are presumed to be the primary cause of delamination. With in-creased load, coatings primarily fail along the scratch edge, indicating significant involvement of compressive and tensile stresses. This behavior is attributed to the nanocomposite structure, which hinders crack propagation and allows to maintain ductility. TEM analysis reveals a nanocomposite structure, with electron diffraction confirming the presence of titanium nitride δ-TiN crystallites. No crystallographic texture is observed in the coatings. The coatings significantly influence the internal friction amplitude dependence characteristics. The intricate microstructure, including and internal interfaces, contributes to complex damping properties. Additional damping mechanisms occur at grain interfaces and at the coating-substrate bounda-ry.Further damping mechanisms are incorporated at the interfaces of individual grains and particles and at the interphase inter-action boundary in the coating-base system, in addition to the internal damping mechanisms that occur in the coating itself and the substrate independently.

The article presents the results of calculating the thermodynamic functions (enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs energy) of chromium reduction reactions from its oxide with the participation of active metal reducing agents by applying the constants of substances and the values of the coefficients of the heat equation, consideringthe phase transformations involved in reac-tions such as silicon and aluminum, which occur in the production of refined ferrochrome grades. This calculation is performed by applying the substance constant to the transformed formula for calculating the dependence of the Gibbs energy on the tem-perature of the reactions of redox processes. As noted above, the results of this calculation are of fundamental importance in the melting processes of refined (medium-and low-carbon) ferrochrome grades with separate and joint (in the formof complex silicon and aluminum-containing alloys) using the above-mentioned elements. The calculations were carried out in the temper-ature range from 298K to ~3000K, since this interval covers the conditions of the redox processes. The range under consider-ation covers the entire temperature range of phase transformations of chromium ore and reducing agent (siliceous or silicon-aluminum). For these reactions, there are several temperature intervals due to the phase transformations of the initial reagentsand the resulting products. After performing thermodynamic calculations, graphs of the dependence of the Gibbs energy change on temperature are constructed. Temperature intervals where phase transitions do not affect the reaction are revealed.Consequently, along with passive temperature intervals, there are active intervals in which a sharp increase in the negative value of the Gibbs energy was observed.

Effective and sustainable resource management is critical to the mining industry, which plays a significant role in the Kazakhstan economy. To achieve this goal, the use of remote sensing technologies has become necessary. These ad-vanced tools are now integral to activities such as mineral mapping, research and environmental monitoring. Therefore, the purpose of this comprehensive review article is to scrutinize how remote sensing data is used specifically in the context of mining in Kazakhstan.The comprehensive review covers a wide range of aspects, including the use of remote sensing for mapping and mineral resource studies. Key findings highlight the growing importance of remote sensing technologies in Ka-zakhstan's mining industry as they facilitate the precise delineation of ore deposits, enable effective monitoring of environmen-tal impacts and promote optimal use of natural resources.The article discusses the difficulties and limitations encountered in the application of remote sensing data. Particular attention is paid to the need to improve methods of data processing, correc-tion of atmospheric influences and spectral analysis.The overview presented in this paper is of great importance to those in-volved in research, policy development and industrial sectors who are interested in using remote sensing data to enhance min-ing activities and promote environmental sustainability in Kazakhstan. By providing a comprehensive analysis of the subject, this review offers valuable information that can help researchers deepen their understanding of the topic and guide them to-ward more effective strategies.

The article presents a study of tungsten skarn deposits based on a comprehensive analysis of geological and geo-chemical data. The research is based on information obtained from drilling and core analysis, photographs, and geochemical surveys. The results identified three main areas of the deposit –Eastern, Central, and Western –with differences in the distri-bution of ore bodies and mineralization. The main ore body extends over a significant area and contains a substantial propor-tion of tungsten resources. Mineralized deposits below the main ore body are characterized by varying rock compositions and contain a significant number of ore bodies, including large frameworks.The application of geochemical studies plays a crucial role in understanding geological structures and the formation of mineral deposits. Geochemical data provide information on the composition of rocks, the distribution of elements, and the nature of processes occurring in the Earth's crust. They help estab-lish chemicalrelationships between different rocks and their minerals, as well as reveal connections with geological structures. The analysis of geochemical data identified correlations between the content of valuable elements and rock lithotypes, aidingin a better understanding of the geological structure of the deposit. Special attention was given to the relationship between zirconium and limestones, identified through geochemical data analysis.The proposed analysis method offers new perspec-tives for understanding the formation of skarn deposits and developing mining strategies. The study's results represent an im-portant contribution to mining geology and can be used to optimize the exploitation of tungsten skarn deposits.