The relevance of protection of fresh water resources as a global all-planetary problem is proved. Examples of catastrophic consequences of breaks of water in the course of mining are given. The solutions of a task of protection of water objects at development of mineral resources of Earth directed to prevention of breaks of water from superficial and underground sources and providing ecological balance of the earth's surface around conducting mining operations are presented.

To select an optimal and environmentally friendly technology for oil and gas development, it is necessary to estimate in advance the likely disfigurement processes of the surface terrain. To this end, it is recommended to develop predictive geodynamic models prior to start of field development, taking into consideration the geological characteristics and tectonic activity of the area under investigation, as well as the specific features of the reservoir. Research methods. In this paper, two models of subsidence of the ground surface in a hydrocarbon field are considered: a parametric spatial model developed at Delft University of Technology and a model based on the Knoté influence function developed at the Canadian Center for Geodetic Engineering. The first method is more suitable for describing a smooth and gradual subsidence in deep gas reservoirs and allows you to assess the spatial-temporal pattern of movement of the ground surface. In the second method, geodynamic processes are modeled based on the functional relationship between reservoir compaction and subsidence of the day surface, taking into account the location of the oil reservoir, physical and mechanical properties of rocks, changes in reservoir pressure and the results of surface disfigurement monitoring and is recommended for oil fields. Research results. A comparative analysis of these methods is carried out on the example of the Tengiz oil and gas field in Western Kazakhstan. An evaluation of the developed model accuracy is carried out by comparing the calculated values ​​of soil subsidence with the data of radar interferometry, and estimates obtained by other researchers. Recommendations are given on the application of the considered methods in the generation of predictive models of oil and gas fields, the necessity of calculating the transfer coefficient of the reservoir compaction to the position of the day surface, taking into account the depth of the reservoir and the physical and mechanical properties of the rock massif, is indicated.

Sulfide ores play an extremely important role in the development of the mineral resource base of Russia, as a source of rare, non-ferrous, and precious metals. However, the development of sulfide ore deposits is associated with the risk of sulfide dust explosions, the development of oxidative processes that lead to spontaneous combustion of ores. The article substantiates the urgency of solving the problem of reducing the risks of sulfide dust explosions, taking into account changes in the mineral balance of gold-sulfide deposits. To improve the safety of the development of sulfide-containing deposits, the authors developed new methodological approaches to the assessment of the explosion hazard of sulfide dust, based on the integration of model, laboratory and field experiments with a comprehensive analysis of the results. The developed methodology for studying the main factors of dust and explosion safety is an integral part of the industrial safety system, as it provides the possibility of forecasting, evaluating, and promptly determining the state of potential sources of fire and explosion hazard in the development of pyrite deposits.

Molars of the southern elephant Archidiskodon meridionalis gromovi were found in alluvial deposits near Uralsk (West Kazakhstan region, Republic of Kazakhstan). In this work, were applied generally accepted paleontological methods of field and cameral research: standard methods of working with paleontological material for extraction of samples from the host rock; morphometrically morphological analysis of fossil remains in the species diagnosis. Have been studied a series of teeth of M3/m3 shifts of chronologically successive subspecies of Archidiskodon meridionalis from paleopleistocene (middle villafrancian) localities in Western Kazakhstan. Analysis of the characteristics of teeth (frequency of plates, length of one plate, number of plates, enamel thickness, hypsodont index, crown proportion index) showed that the studied indicators are close to those characteristic of Archidiskodon [Elaphas] meridionalis gromovi. For the studied tooth changes, the parameter of the length of one plate turned out to be very diagnostic. The limits of variation in the size of the crown of teeth in different subspecies largely coincide.

his paper presents a methodology that can be used to create immersive virtual reality applications for teaching, conceptual modeling in the field of virtual reality, and specifically virtual prototyping, in various fields of application. The main stages of virtual reality application development are analyzed: planning; visualization; programming; user interface; testing, as well as tasks for the virtual assembly of parts, solved using a set of software and hardware visualization tools. The use of virtual reality technologies in the educational process can improve academic performance and at the same time reduce the number of errors and costs. Virtual learning experiences should not be about learning, so these learning environments need to be designed with a constructivist approach to reap the full benefits of learning.

A method for calculating prismatic forming cutters with a baseline is proposed. In contrast to the existing design methodology, depending on the shaped profile of the part, this technique systematizes the graphical calculation and allows you to apply a unified approach and easily automate the calculation. The purpose of developing a new calculation method is the possibility of automating and reducing the calculation time of prismatic shaped cutters with a baseline. A method of graphical and correctional analytical calculation of shaped incisors with a baseline has been developed. Graphic profiling of a prismatic shaped cutter consists of twelve stages. Correctional analytical profiling of a prismatic shaped cutter includes five steps. A feature of the proposed method for calculating shaped cutters with a baseline is the consistency and the possibility of automating calculations. Graphical profiling is simple, intuitive and easy to learn.

The article discusses the methods of artistic and figurative modeling of design design objects by creating a compositional form.Artistic and figurative modeling of the design design object with the formation of a compositional form is the main design method. It is based on the results of the analysis of utilitarian and aesthetic requests of certain groups of consumers, taking into account the conditions and environment of operation and acceptance of the object, as well as the functions of the object, structural and finishing materials and manufacturing technology of the product.Artistic and figurative modeling is the language of artistic design, a method and means of creating an artistic image, a multidimensional communicative phenomenon of information and emotional plan.An artistic image in costume design is a harmonious unity of the image of a person and a costume in a certain environment.A new approach to the process of creating an artistic image in the context of the associative component, the conceptual component, as well as fashion trends, allows you to structure the modeling method, work productively with various important nuances of the conceptual and figurative solution of products.Thus, a new approach to the process of creating an artistic image allows you to structure the modeling method, work productively to obtain a conceptual and figurative solution of the product.

This article evaluates the quality of a mobile operator, the technical parameters of its mobile network, the parameters of voice mobile communication and the quality of the Internet connection. The indicators for assessing the effectiveness of cellular communications were studied and analyzed, the main indicators for analyzing and assessing the effectiveness of the operator's work were determined, and a fuzzy model was developed to assess the effectiveness of the quality of the cellular operator's work. The fuzzy assessment model was tested and the results were analyzed. Fuzzy set theory has been used to create a model that provides an overview of the performance of a mobile operator and its ability to compare with competitors. In the developed model, the assessment of the quality of communication is objective in relation to the time of obtaining the data for assessment. The advantages of the model lie in its versatility, minimal size, ease of use and speed of obtaining results.

In this paper, there was an executed investigation of the behavior of orthotropic decks with the system of cross and side stiffeners forming structural orthotropy. In order to conduct an analysis of the stress-strain behavior of such structures, the Bubnov-Galerkin variation method has been used. Comparative analysis of results, received in two ways has been conducted: calculation according to actual values of stiffness properties, calculation according to relative bending stiffness. It was shown, that calculation in such two ways gives sufficiently close results to each other. The suggested calculation method can be applied while “primary “non-mechanic” calculation methods of structurally orthotropic decks with different sizes in the plan and other boundary conditions.

Railway transport is one of the basic modes of transport and the economy as a whole for the Republic of Kazakhstan. It is this type of transport that ensures the transportation of a significant amount of dangerous goods of various properties. Failure to observe safety measures and precautions during their transportation may pose a threat to railway workers, the public, as well as to the environment. Transport safety is the highest priority of various parts of the railway transport. Safety depends on the synergistic interaction of many components of the transport process – the properties of the cargo, the technical condition of the rolling stock, the track and infrastructure of the railways, the qualifications of workers, the state of the environment, and the like. This article discusses the ecological problems in railway transport, their negative impact on the environment.