The main environmental problem in regions with a developed oil and gas industry is the pollution of environmental objects with oil and petroleum products. In this article, an environmental assessment is carried out by microbiological and chemical analysis of gray-brown soils contaminated with oil and petroleum products. The paper reflects the bioindication value of various ecological and trophic groups of microorganisms, in particular, heterotrophic microorganisms and mold fungi. Analysis of the responses of mold fungi to various types of anthropogenic impact in terrestrial ecosystems makes it possible to better assess the bioindication potential of the microbiota. Based on the data obtained, it is possible to trace the survival strategy of various microbial communities in the studied anthropogenic ecosystem. Modern developments in the basic principles of microbial community ecology, as well as advances in population biology and numerous data on the response of individual species to abiotic and biotic factors will allow us to analyze the bioindication potential of the microbiota at different levels of the ecotechnosystem organization. The use of our data provides a basis for developing a plan of measures aimed at improving the health of the environment.

This article provides information on the production in the Karaganda branch of the RSE "KazStandard" of reference hardness blocks of the second rank, brief information on the state of production of hardness blocks in the world, research carried out at this enterprise in the development of technology for their production.

This paper briefly presents a gear joint with two degrees of freedom and describes possibility of use for manipulators and unmanned flying manipulators. A kinematic scheme for a gear joint is developed with its kinematic characterizations. Its kinematic characterization is expressed as function of parameters of external applied torques and input speeds on the shaft. General schemes are considered for a manipulator design with gear joint and for operation analysis of a gear joint.

Scientific organizations have taken an active attitude in energy- and resource-saving in buildings. New regulatory requirements for thermal protection of buildings standardized the principles of gradual reduction of thermal energy consumption for heating buildings in order to reduce the level of building energy consumption by at least 30-40% in a short time frame. Based on this, it follows that today in the world and in the country the problem of improving the thermal protective properties of building enclosing structures is one of the most urgent tasks in construction. One of the solutions to the problem of increasing the thermal protection of buildings is the use of diatomite and bentonite additives in the composition of energy-saving ceramic bricks. The main one is the design and development of new energy-and resource-saving ceramic bricks that can provide the required level of thermal protection while maintaining the previous design considerations of buildings. The current economic conditions in the country determine a new approach to choosing effective building materials for housing construction. Therefore, recently there is an urgent need for new wall materials that have energy- and resource-saving properties.

The issues of construction are considered and an example of the implementation of the transformation function of an intelligent sensor for the surface temperature of an electrical contact is given. It is shown that the intellectualization of the process of measuring hard-to-reach contact surfaces of the temperature of high-voltage and high-current electrical contact connections is not valid. The term "intelligent" in relation to devices that acquire new qualities due to the processing of the received information in them, is often used in a narrow sense in the presence of the following features: compensation of measurement errors, transmission and processing of the digitized signal of the primary converter. In a broad sense, an "intelligent" sensor, in addition to the above, has the ability to adapt to the signal source and the environment; it is an electronic device that combines sensing elements, signal conversion circuits and microprocessor technology (integration). Application of the principle of the measurement algorithm simplifies the improvement of measurement accuracy by transferring hardware solutions to microcontroller programs. With this deviation of the results, the conversion function of the correction factors is eliminated. This article discusses the construction issues and provides an example of the implementation of the transformation of an intelligent temperature sensor of the contact surface of an electrical contact.

The paper provides an overview of the technological equipment of automated control systems for the crushing process. It is established that the choice of the technological scheme of ADSP depends on the type of processed raw materials, its physical characteristics, requirements for the quality and purpose of the finished product, the required ratio of cuboid grain, the planned capacity. And also found that the task of automatic control of process of crushing is to maintain a given size of the final product and to maximize input to crushing units of energy by optimum loading of the crusher, as well as obtaining the highest possible performance crushing units and maximum utilization of the input to crushing units of energy by optimum loading of the crusher, and the highest possible performance in the final product at the maximum loading of the crushing chamber crushers.

With the increasing integration of the solar energy system into interconnected lines, solar energy systems have a great impact on power quality issues. This study describes the design of single phase inverters that are used to utilize a solar power system and analyze their performance. This article focuses on modeling a single phase inverter. An inverter is a circuit that converts DC power supplies to AC power supplies. The model is implemented using the MATLAB Simulink software with the SimPower System Block Set based on computer simulation. FFT analysis is used to find harmonic distortion using MATLAB Simulink software

Based on the reference thermodynamic data, a four-component Fe-Zr-Al-Si system is constructed and its mathematical model of the phase structure is created. As a result, it turned out that it consists of 12 elementary tetrahedra. For each of the tetrahedra, analytical equations are defined, with the help of which it is possible to determine the location in the factor space of the general system of compositions of various metal melts with the calculation of their standard phase compositions. The breakdown of the overall system is carried out taking into account congruent connections. The sum of the relative volumes of elementary tetrahedra is equal to one (1.00000), which confirms the correctness of the tetrahedron. Quasi-volumes in the Fe-Zr-Al-Si system are established, which simulate the compositions of the metal products formed during the smelting of various ferrosilicocyrconium alloys during the reduction process . As a result, it was found that the alloy with a 25% Zr content is modeled by the Si-Fe2Al5-FeSi2 - Zr6Si5 tetrahedron, and the alloy compositions with 35 and 50% Zr are decomposed in the Si-Fe2Al5-FeSi2 - Zr6Si5 and Zr5Si3-Fe-Fe2Al5-FeSi tetrahedra, respectively.

The electrohydraulic method of natural diatomite enrichment based on separation of the clay component under the influence of plasma energy arising at a short electric discharge is applied for the first time. Special computer technology is developed for the first time, using the portable navigator Montana series 600 by Garmin, Google Earth and Garmin Base Camp programs to make a contour and area of diatomaceous rocks on Zhalpak territory. Comprehensive study of enriched diatomite using spectral, microscopic, X-ray diffractometric, silicate (chemical), elemental and thermal methods of analysis were carried out. Independent methods of analysis show almost identical results for the degree of diatomite enrichment with silicon oxide (SiO2), being in the range of 78÷81.8%. Based on the results of spectral analysis it can be concluded that the electrohydraulic method is very effective in cleaning diatomite from calcium (CaO) and sulfur (SO3) oxides to the level of 0.21% and 0.18% respectively.

The paper provides a literature review on the mechanisms of damping in alloys. The goal of the authors was to obtain the maximum damping with the minimum alloying. Samples of alloys in cast, annealed and quenched form were investigated. According to the research findings, the characteristics of the damping properties of the alloys are provided and the possible reasons for the high values ​​of the damping parameters are explained. An analysis of the nature of non-metallic inclusions shows that very small non-metallic inclusions do not result in high damping. A very high content of medium-sized non-metallic inclusions leads to low sound emission. High alloying with elements such as Mn, Ni, Nb, Al, one percent each, 1.5% Cr, 1.5% V, 0.5% Mo, 0.5% Ti, 0.5% Cu, does not always provide increased damping properties.