Vanadium and molybdenum are critical metals widely used in steel production, alloys, and green energy technologies. With growing global demand, efficient recycling methods for industrial waste are essential. This study investigates the extraction of vanadium (3.44%), molybdenum (0.75%), and nickel (8.82%) from vanadium production waste using hydrometallurgical methods. Optimal leaching conditions were determined through experiments with sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions. The highest vanadium recovery (50.56%) was achieved with 1% Na2CO3 at 80°C, while molybdenum extraction reached 56.33% with 3% Na2CO3. Alkaline leaching with 0.5% NaOH and sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) at 25°C improved vanadium recovery to 88% and molybdenum to 67.7%. However, increasing the temperature to 85°C led to nickel vanadate (Ni3V2O8) formation, reducing vanadium extraction efficiency. X-ray phase analysis confirmed the presence of aluminium oxides (Al2O3), nickel compounds, and vanadium phases in the residues. A proposed processing scheme ensures high metal recovery while minimising environmental impact through closed-cycle operations. This study advances sustainable metal extraction from industrial waste, offering a cost-effective and eco-friendly solution for resource recovery.

The logistics industry is rapidly adopting machine learning (ML) and cognitive technologies to enhance operational efficiency and decision-making capabilities. This study aims to explore the impact of these technologies on logistics by reviewing recent advancements and case studies. The research focuses on the application of ML and cognitive systems in optimizing delivery routes, improving demand forecasting, and automating warehouse management. Results indicate that integrating ML and cognitive technologies significantly improves logistics processes by enabling real-time data processing, accurate forecasting, and automated decision-making. These advancements lead to reduced operational costs, improved service quality, and enhanced sustainability through optimized resource use. However, the implementation of these technologies requires substantial investment in technology, training, and data security measures. In conclusion, while the integration of ML and cognitive technologies presents challenges, it offers significant potential to transform the logistics sector, making it more efficient and responsive to dynamic market conditions. Further research is needed to refine these technologies and explore new applications to fully leverage their benefits in supply chain management. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

This article presents the results of studies on the comprehensive assessment pertaining to the peculiarities of nutrition, accumulation, transit and discharge of groundwater in the adjacent territory of the Sorbulak reservoir. The information about the waste water storage was presented. The results of the analysis and decryption of satellite images, as well as the results of aerial photography of the territory of the Sorbulak were presented. The results of field route studies of the work area were presented to identify the external manifestations of directional filtration, areas of exits to the daytime surface of groundwater. The results of the calculation of the filtration flow controlled by the Sorbulak storage lake, unloading through the western side of the plateau into the Kurty River, were presented. © 2022, Journal of Ecological Engineering. All rights reserved.

Features of a constructive solution of coupling an external brick wall and reinforced concrete attic flooring of existing low-rise residential buildings forced with a reinforced concrete monolithic frame are studied. A photograph presented shows mold on the intersection zone of the inner surfaces of the external wall and the attic flooring. The calculation of the building frame carried out using the program LiraCAD 2013 on a seismic load intensity of 9 points on the MSK-64 scale. Two-dimensional temperature distributions in the cross section of the enclosures, in particular in the area of thermal bridges, presented as isotherms using the ArchiCAD 20 software package. The multidisciplinary task of ensuring the required seismic resistance, energy efficiency and microclimate of the building has been solved. An expedient constructive solution of the coupling external brick wall and reinforced concrete attic flooring for the reconstruction of existing and design of new buildings is proposed. The dimensions of the cross section of monolithic reinforced concrete columns and crossbars of the building frame and thickness of an additional layer of thermal insulation of the thermal bridge zones are determined. A new mounting unit is developed to attach the pitched roof’s Mauerlat to the anti-seismic belt. Practical recommendations are given that aim to reduce the negative temperature and thermal effects of the thermal bridges. The proposed constructive solutions made it possible to exclude the main causes of violations of sanitary conditions in the premises caused by mold growth on the surfaces of hygroscopic enclosures materials. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

In recent years, extensive research has been conducted to develop methods and algorithms for controlling the coordinated motion and interaction of autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The issue of UAV control in real-world conditions, especially when controlling autonomous unmanned vehicles like airplanes, remains relevant. The complexity of such control is due to the high dynamics and input constraints of real-world autopilots. This paper presents an adaptive control strategy for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) group coordination, integrating integral control laws and fuzzy logic to improve dynamic formation stability and energy efficiency. A simulation environment was developed in MATLAB/Simulink to evaluate the proposed strategy. Simulation experiments demonstrated superior responsiveness, reduced trajectory deviation, and increased robustness against external disturbances compared to traditional methods. The results validate the viability of the proposed control scheme in real-time multi-agent UAV systems operating under dynamic and uncertain conditions. © 2025 IEEE.

In this study, the problem of the operability of the solar-heat supply system in the cold region of Kazakhstan receiving minimal solar radiation was studied. The importance of this study lies in the question of how a dual-circuit solar installation can work for productivity in the northern regions of Kazakhstan. In the course of the study, an efficiency reduced from the energy efficiency increased by using a transparent glazed window reduced the supply of coolant into the pipe. Cold liquid heat enters the resulting stream, heat transfer increases, and the intermediate walls heat up. In this study, a method was used to determine the thermal characteristics of a glazed flat collector, which contains a brief and accurate description. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of 2.40 and 2.53 was recognized in this study. It was also investigated that the thermal capacity of the solar collector depends on the thickness of the absorbing layer. Having conducted this experimental study, we were convinced that it is reliable for the northern regions of Kazakhstan. © 2023 by the authors.

Ruthenium(II) and iridium(III) complexes of phosphinites including imidazole moiety were synthesized and characterized by microanalysis, IR, MS, and NMR spectroscopies. Antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains was assessed in all complexes. The highest radical scavenging (72.2 %) was obtained for [3-(3-chloro-2-({[dichloro(η6-benzene)ruthenium]diphenylphosphanyl}oxy)propyl)-1-butyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride], 4 at 200 μg/mL concentration, while [3-(3-chloro-2-({[dichloro(η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)-iridium]diphenylphosphanyl}oxy)pro-pyl)-1-butyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride], 6 demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity as 13 mm inhibition zone against E. hirea. Furthermore, optical and electrochemical featured of metal complexes containing imidazole phosphinite were investigated utilizing UV–vis absorption and cyclic voltammetry techniques. Consequently, all complexes can be proposed as metal-based charge convertible phosphinite complexes which may be employed as new generation and synergistic Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) materials. © 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

The paper proposes a new approach to measuring the quality of human capital in chemical (petrochemical) industry enterprises. At present, various qualitative and quantitative methods are presented in academic literature. However, measuring human capital quality in the case under consideration is complicated due to certain industry-specific features including difficulties in obtaining statistics. The methodology presented in this research is an assessment of human capital based on the weighted factors that have the strongest impact on the formation of enterprise personnel according to the authors and further comparison of final indicators with the quality rating table. Thus, the given technique has a comparative nature and can be applied to rank enterprises that operate in the industry analyzed in the study. In general, the theoretical part of the methodology may include n factors. Thus, to test the methodology, the factors mostly affecting human capital formation as well as available in terms of collecting the statistical data are considered. Those factors include: the share of internal R&D expenditures, the share of personnel who attended advanced training, the share of personnel with higher education, and the share of personnel with secondary vocational education. © 2023, Bulgarska Akademiya na Naukite. All rights reserved.

Purpose of these studies is to study physical and chemical properties of ash and slag waste from coal combustion from Ekibastuz deposit in the CRPP-3 of Almaty city, to determine possibility of obtaining demanded building products from them. Methodology. To study phase composition and structure of ash and slag waste, methods of X-ray phase and differential thermal and chemical analyzes were used on the latest installations of leading countries. Results. Coal-fired power plants annually produce large volumes of ash and other byproducts of coal combustion. Although almost 50% of fly ash is disposed of in various areas of economy, most of the fly ash is disposed of in landfills. Ash contains hazardous leachable trace elements such as As, B, Cr, Mo, Ni, Se, Sr and V, which have a negative impact on environment due to potential leaching from acid rain and groundwater. Urgency and significance of this problem is intensified with fact that technogenic wastes of CRPP are not sufficiently processed, current ash wastes accumulate and occupy vast areas, which takes them out of land use. Utilization of ash dumps makes it possible to reduce the technogenic load on environment and ensure rational use of secondary raw materials. Possibility of obtaining agloporite from the ash of Ekibastuz coals used by thermal power station in Almaty has been studied. Chemical and granulometric composition of ash and slag was determined. Performed X-ray phase and differential thermal analysis. Analysis of chemical composition of the Ekibastuz ash gives idea of the composition of mineral substances of coal. Main constituents are oxides of silicon and aluminum, there is also a large amount of iron oxide. Knowledge of chemical composition of ash is necessary to decide whether it can be used to produce building materials. Obtaining demanded building materials from technogenic raw materials is an urgent task. Results of heat treatment in gradient furnace are presented. Conclusions are drawn about possibility of using ash and slag waste in construction industry. Thus, all studies have shown possibility of using ash and slag waste as a secondary raw material in order to reduce anthropogenic load on the environment. Novelty lies in practical implementation of obtaining agloporite gravel grade «600» using as a raw material ash dumps of CRPP-3 in Almaty, which is ash of Ekibastuz coal. Study results make possible to increase degree of complexity and environmental safety of development of technogenic waste — this is development of industrial and innovative power of state, respect for natural resources and the environment. Practical significance lies in fact that production of building products quickly pays off, does not require expensive installations, tools and equipment.

Study purpose is to monitor deformation processes of hydraulic structures. Object of the study is the Kapchagay hydroelectric power station (HPS), located in the Almaty region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Research methodology-ensuring safe operation of such strategic and critical engineering structures is achieved by conducting geodetic monitoring using modern technologies (satellite technologies, electronic and laser devices). The required accuracy can be ensured by measuring elevations with automated high-precision tacheometers and observing several conditions. Research results. The article provides recommendations for improving methods of geodetic monitoring of deformation processes at the Kapchagai hydroelectric station. In this regard, improved methodology for carrying out geodetic work and using modern measuring instruments in it has been proposed. Monitoring was carried out using modern instruments, special attention was paid to use of high-precision trigonometric leveling. Scientific novelty. As a result of research work carried out, following were created and put into production:-diagram of the reference geodetic Kapchagai hydroelectric station;-developed geodetic reference point of forced centering, allowing to increase productivity and accuracy of observations. The novelty of the developed network and point design is confirmed by Patents and Certificates of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Practical significance lies in use of the research results in the dissertations of master and PhD students, in the educational process of the Kazakh National Research Technical University named after K.I. Satpayev, and can also be used to increase level of industrial safety at other facilities and minimize risks caused by seismicity in the region. © 2024, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan. All rights reserved.