This research paper investigates the application of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for the classification of pneumonia using chest X-ray images. Through rigorous experimentation and data analysis, the study demonstrates the model's impressive learning capabilities, achieving a notable accuracy of 96% in pneumonia classification. The consistent decrease in training and validation losses across 25 learning epochs underscores the model's adaptability and proficiency. However, the research also highlights the challenge of dataset imbalance and the need for improved model interpretability. These findings emphasize the potential of deep learning models in enhancing pneumonia diagnosis but also underscore the importance of addressing existing limitations. The study calls for future research to explore techniques for addressing dataset imbalances, enhance model interpretability, and extend the scope to address nuanced diagnostic challenges within the field of pneumonia classification. Ultimately, this research contributes to the advancement of medical image analysis and the potential for deep learning models to aid in early and accurate pneumonia diagnosis, thereby improving patient care and clinical outcomes. © (2024), (Science and Information Organization). All Rights Reserved.

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of macro-economic indicators and features of the lower limb prostheses market, including classification of modern models of feet, ankle and knee prostheses. A comparative analysis of economic factors, key market trends and technological achievements of leading manufacturers of lower limb prostheses is carried out. Advanced prosthetic technologies and their level of influence on rehabilitation are also researched. This paper analyzes the prosthetics market in Kazakhstan and researched global, modern and technological trends in the field of lower limb prostheses for a general understanding of the characteristics of this market in the context of future development and expansion of the catalog of medical devices of local manufacturers. Particular attention is paid to the availability of prostheses, price dynamics and problems faced by developing countries and potential areas for technological innovation. The results of the research show that the prostheses market continues to grow steadily due to increased demand, technological progress and government support. The conclusion provides recommendations for further development of the industry, including increasing the availability of prostheses, introducing intelligent solutions and developing local production to provide patients with more advanced and functional devices. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

The main object of the research is the efficiency of real-time ozonator control based on sensor networks. The study addressed the issue of low efficiency in ozonator control systems and the lack of reliability and speed in real-time data transmission. The research revealed that changes in pressure and temperature have a direct impact on ozone concentration. This finding made it possible to increase the ozonator’s productivity by 15 %, reduce energy consumption by 10 %, and improve system reliability by 20 %. The key features of the results include the ability to monitor ozone levels in real-time, maintaining the stability of the ozonator, and optimizing its performance. Additionally, sensor networks ensured fast and accurate data delivery, enhancing the energy efficiency and reliability of the system. These results were explained based on experimental data that demonstrated how changes in pressure and temperature affect ozone concentration. The use of sensor networks contributed to increased system stability, reduced energy consumption, and improved control accuracy. The obtained results can be applied to ozonator systems and other fields requiring real-time environmental monitoring and control. The methods proposed in the study provide opportunities for optimizing industrial processes, reducing costs, and achieving sustainable development goals Copyright © 2024, Authors. This is an open access article under the Creative Commons CC BY license

At the Azgir nuclear test site in Western Kazakhstan 17 nuclear explosions were carried out at a depth of 165 to 1500 m, as well as ground explosions. Nine underground cavities with a total volume of about 1.2 million m3 with extremely high residual radioactivity were formed in the thickness of the rock salt layers. Five of the nine cavities are filled with groundwater and strontium, cesium and plutonium radionuclides are leaking into the environment, and radionuclides spread through food chains. A medical examination of the inhabitants of the Azgir zone showed that their state of health is much worse than the corresponding indices for the population, especially children, than the average for the region (in terms of morbidity and mortality by 2-3.5 times). The analysis performed showed the relevance of developing a method for cleaning groundwater from radioactive isotopes, as well as other toxic substances at landfills in the Atyrau region, which will reduce the environmental burden in the region. A method has been developed to purify water from isotopes based on a mixture of sorbents with a recovery rate above 99%.

The research employs both the literature and experimental data in order to develop reasonable strategies for melon fly control. The objects of research were sierozem soils of the Zhanakorgan region (Kyzylorda region), bentonite clays of the Sauran region (Turkestan region), and vermicompost obtained at the production site of the Research Institute “Ecology” at the International Kazakh-Turkish University, named after Khoja Ahmed Yasawi. The competitive agent ‘Vermiserbent’ was developed by combining sulphur-perlite-containing waste (SPCW), vermicompost, and natural bentonite clay. When incorporated into the soil, it serves as both an insecticide and a fertiliser recovery agent. The disinfection and enrichment of barren Sierozem soils in southern Kazakhstan could provide an eco-friendly approach to protect cucurbits (melon, watermelon, and pumpkin) against the melon fly. The average yield of watermelon treated with Vermiserbent increased by 2.3 t/ha compared to the control, melon by 4.6 t/ha, and pumpkin by 5.6 t/ha. The marketability of gourds as watermelons and melons after treatment with fertiliser increased by 1.2 times, and pumpkin by 1.1 times. The findings of studies conducted in agricultural fields in the Turkestan and Kyzylorda regions have shown that it is possible to produce environmentally sound gourds using a mixture of vermicompost, bentonite, and SPCW. © 2023 by the authors.

It is expected that the development of thermonuclear fusion will be able to easily satisfy the energy needs of humanity. There are enough fuel reserves for the fusion reaction: tritium can be bred via a 6Li(n,α)3H reaction from lithium, which is common in nature, and deuterium is quite easily extracted from seawater. One of the problems on the way to implement thermonuclear fusion today is the search for and development of breeder materials that can withstand the high radiation and energy loads that are expected in a long-pulsed fusion devices. Various types of lithium-containing ceramic materials are currently being actively studied for use as a breeder material in helium-cooled breeder blanket concepts. This study focuses on the methodology and results of calculations of tritium residence time in the samples of biphasic lithium ceramic pebble bed containing nominal 65 mol % lithium orthosilicate and 35 mol % lithium metatitanate (pebble diameter 0.25 -1.250 mm). The values of the tritium residence time obtained as a result of modeling the release of tritium from ceramics within the framework of the diffusion-desorption model have a temperature dependence of lgτ = -1.374+1676/t. They are in good agreement with the literature data, suggesting that the tritium residence time increases with increasing open porosity.

Based on a literature review, the relevance and necessity of processing e‑waste are shown. Pyro-, hydro- and biometallurgical methods for processing e‑waste are briefly described, and the advantages and disadvantages of existing technologies are compared. The efficiency and the environmental and health impacts of various technologies are analyzed. The low-temperature chlorination technology applied to e‑waste processing is given a thermodynamic interpretation to obtain additional information necessary for better understanding of the behavior of gold and other non-ferrous metals with low metal content. The mechanism of the interaction between e‑waste elements and gaseous chlorine during low-temperature roasting was studied. The behavior of metals at low temperatures of chlorination of e‑waste (below 673 K) was assessed from the changes in the thermodynamic quantities of the system. Thermodynamic calculations were conducted to determine the Gibbs free energy (ΔGT0) of the reactions between e‑waste elements and gaseous chlorine at various temperatures. Based on the thermodynamic calculations of the reactions of precious (gold, silver, platinum, palladium) and other non-ferrous metals (Cu, Pb, Zn) with gaseous chlorine at low chlorination temperatures of 323–673 K, it was established that it is possible to selectively recover gold as sublimates Au2Cl6(g) and to produce a solid-phase cinder containing solid chlorides of precious and non-ferrous metals. The low-temperature chlorination roasting of e‑waste is a good prerequisite for the integrated recovery of gold and other precious and non-ferrous metals with high efficiency. The obtained results will be used for the selection, justification, and science-based design of innovative technology for processing e‑waste, using not only gaseous chlorine, but also solid chlorine-containing reagents (CaCl2, NaCl). © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85211384887#:~:text=Agriculture%2C%20especially%20irrigated,Publisher%20LLC%202024.

Polymer solutions see broad applications in hydraulic fracturing, enhanced oil recovery, conformance control, and groundwater remediation. However, due to the high viscosity of polymer solutions, flows after polymer injection are often subjected to significant pressure build-up, the mechanism of which is not well studied, especially on the effect of distribution of fluids in the pores. In this study, we used microfluidics micromodels to visualize the distribution of fluids in porous media. NOA81 micromodels with close-to-real-rock pore dimensions were fabricated and used for simulating flooding experiments. Relative permeability was measured at steady-state flow rates and injection pressures. Then, fluid distribution was analyzed using microscopy image analysis. We observed that the distribution of fluids in a porous medium has a direct impact on the pressure drop. The relative permeability of water and oil after polymer flow was disproportionally low, which is consistent with core flooding experiments. The increase in the pressure drop due to polymer trapping can be correlated to occupancy, orientation and alignment of pore channels. A mathematical model was developed to describe the correlation between pore-scale fluid distributions and the end-point relative permeability; it can be used for understanding and enhancing oil/water flows during/after polymer injections. Copyright 2022, Society of Petroleum Engineers.

Ensuring transport security is a priority for any developed country. The article considers one of the constituent elements of the transport security system " technical tools that ensure the safety of transport infrastructure facilities in supply chains. To improve the safety of transport infrastructure, an effective measure is the application of a process approach to the development of management decisions with the determination of reliability and functional safety indicators throughout the life cycle of infrastructure facilities. It has been established that determining the cost of the life cycle of infrastructure facilities makes it possible to rationally plan measures for their repair and maintenance for the long-term perspective of their operation. In particular, methodological approaches and the results of calculating the life cycle cost of railway sections of transport infrastructure, on the condition of which the level of security in supply chains directly depends, are presented. © 2025 The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.